阿万纪美子的“满洲”书写及其“满洲”认知——以《云》为重点考察对象

On Kimiko Aman’s Literature of Manchuria——An Analysis of The Cloud

日本儿童文学作家阿万纪美子在伪满长达十多年的特殊生活体验,成为其创作以战争尤其是以“满洲”为题材的作品的源泉。在这些作品中,作者对日军滥杀无辜、殖民地颠倒的支配关系、开拓团的战争协力及日本政府遗弃“满洲”移民等问题提出了质疑。概观阿万纪美子“满洲”题材的儿童文学作品,《云》为其典型代表。在文中,作者试图分析“满洲”这一形象是如何被书写又为何被如此书写的这个问题。同时指出:作者之所以关注“满洲”这一题材,是缘于其试图通过“书写”这一手段来厘清长期困扰于自身和既是“故乡”又是“异国”的“满洲”之间的复杂关系,而其在作品中所呈现出的不断变化的“满洲”认知及诸多问题则充分体现了殖民地“满洲”的复杂性和文学书写者重建历史记忆的困难性。

16 years of living in Manchuria had given Kimiko Aman,a children's literature writer,profound impact and thus leading her to write about war and Manchuria.In her works,Aman calls into question Japanese military killing innocent civilians,the colonial relationship between the ruling and the ruled,the establishment of“kaitakudan”as a government accomplice,and Japanese government’s abandonment of kaitakudan people.Seeing Manchuria as both homeland and a foreign land,the author was confused with her identity.As an effort to understand better her entanglement with Manchuria,she started her long-term enthusiasm in writing about Manchuria.This essay gives an overview of children’s literature based on Manchuria topic;and with a focus on The Cloud,it aims to analyze how Manchuria is written in Aman’s works and why it is written in such a way.Kimiko Aman’s knowledge and view of Manchuria had been changing over time,and the problems revealed in her works reflect precisely the complexity of Manchuria Colony and the difficulty of writers reconstructing historic memory.