列宁对城乡对立问题的审思与求解

Lenin’s Thought and Solution to the Problem of Urban and Rural Opposition

列宁在领导苏俄革命和建设过程中,对俄国的城乡关系问题特别是城乡对立问题进行了深入思考与有益探解。列宁认为,资本主义的萌生与发展、社会生产力的落后、农业生产的自然性与弱质性、俄国农奴制残余与城市偏向政策等因素是城乡对立产生的主要根源,而城乡对立势必在经济、政治、文化等层面导致双重后果。要消解城乡对立,应从缔结城乡联盟、发展社会生产力、促进农业人口和非农业人口融合、加强城乡之间的交通联络等方面予以努力。

In the course of leading the revolution and construction of Soviet Union,Lenin thought deeply and explored the problems of urban-rural relations in Russia,especially the opposition between urban and rural areas.Lenin believed that the emergence and development of capitalism,the backwardness of social productive forces,the nature and weakness of agricultural production,the remnants of Russian serfdom and urban preference policies were the main causes of opposition between urban and rural areas.However,the opposition between urban and rural areas is bound to lead to double consequences in economic,political and cultural aspects.In order to eliminate the opposition between urban and rural areas,efforts should be made to form an alliance between urban and rural areas,develop social productive forces,promote the integration of agricultural population and non-agricultural population,and strengthen the communication between urban and rural areas.