基于排队论的地铁列车运行自动调整优化模型

Automatic operation regulation optimization model of metro train based on queuing theory

针对乘客到达时间分布不均衡对列车晚点调整的影响,既有研究中的列车自动调整模型未涉及在动态变化的客流输入下,对行车间隔和停站时间进行优化的问题,通过引入排队理论研究客流变化和行车间隔与停站时间的关系。基于休假排队模型获得调整过程中候车乘客平均排队长,并以此为基础建立以减少列车晚点时间和提高列车运输量为目标函数的优化模型。根据候车排队长优化停站时间,运用线性递减权重粒子群算法进行求解。研究结果表明:与仅减小晚点时间的模型相比,本文提出的方法可以能在吸收晚点的过程中提高交通系统的运行效率。

Considering the impact of uneven arrival time distribution of passengers on train delay adjustment, the automatic train adjustment model in existing studies are little involve the optimization of train interval and stop time under the dynamic change of passenger flow input. The queuing theory was introduced to study the relationship among passenger flow changes and train running intervals and dwell times. Based on pure limited service action model, the train operation adjustment model with the objectives of the shortest train delay and the maximum number of passengers accommodated during the minimum dwell time was established and then optimized the dwell time. The simulation suggests that the presented method not only can reduce the delay time of the train, but also can improve the operational efficiency of transportation systems compared with the model that only reduced the time delay.