宝石材料的双折射及其在鉴定中的应用

Birefringence of Gemstone materials and its application in identification

非均质体宝石材料的双折射性质常表现为放大镜下的重影效应,文章基于显微镜下对多个典型宝石品种的综合观察实践提出,重影效应不限于后刻面棱重影,还表现为宝石内部微裂隙、解理纹的重影,以及方解石等双折射率极高宝石的“线条重影”试验。此外,剖析了重影在莫桑石、锆石、合成金红石等钻石仿冒品中呈现的特殊情形、观察方法及成因机理,从而拓展了双折射性质在宝石鉴定中的应用,为宝石学研究提供了新的思路。

The birefringence properties of heterogeneous gemstones often appear as the double-shadow effect under a magnifying glass.Based on comprehensive observation and research of several typical gemstone varieties under microscope,the paper concluded that the double-shadow effect was not only observed on the edge of facets of the post-engraved heterogeneous gemstones,but also on the inner micro-fissure and the cleavage pattern in the gemstones and in the"line-double-shadow"test of extremely high refractive index gemstones such as calcite.In addition,the paper also analyzed several exceptional cases,observation methods,and the mechanism of double-shadow in diamond imitations such as synthetic moissanite,zircon,and synthetic rutile.Therefore,the application of birefringence properties in Gemstone identification was expanded,which provided some new ideas for gemstone research.