一种“商州蓝田玉”宝石学特征及定名探讨

Characterization of “Shangzhou Lantian Jade” and Nomenclature

蓝田玉是我国传统玉种。目前西安蓝田市场出现的蓝田玉主要产于商洛商州,文章通过常规仪器测试,利用傅里叶红外光谱仪、激光拉曼光谱仪、X-射线粉晶衍射仪等对商州蓝田玉的宝石学特征、谱学特征和矿物组成进行分析。商州蓝田玉颜色多为灰白色,少有黄绿色,分布较为均匀,相对密度为2.67~3.26,放大观察可见灰紫色团块状包体,呈粒状结构,块状构造。傅里叶红外光谱仪及激光拉曼光谱仪测试结果表明商州蓝田玉主要矿物为透辉石,X射线粉晶衍射测试得出商州蓝田玉主要显示透辉石的衍射谱线,说明其主要矿物组成为透辉石,也显示利蛇纹石和方解石的衍射谱线,这与其他产地蓝田玉明显不同。文章还根据国家标准,对市场上的商州蓝田玉进行定名探讨。

Lantian Jade is a kind of traditional Jade in China.At present,Lantian Jade in Xi'an Lantian Market is mainly produced in Shangzhou,Shangluo.The Gemological characteristics,spectral characteristics and mineral composition of Shangzhou Lantian Jade were analyzed by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,laser Raman spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction.Lantian Jade in Shangzhou was mostly grey-white with few yellowish-green.Its relative density was 2.67~3.26.From magnification,it could be seen that the gray-purple massive inclusions were granular and massive.The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and laser Raman spectroscopy showed that the main mineral of Shangzhou Lantian Jade was diopside.X-ray powder diffraction analysis showed that the main mineral composition of Shangzhou Lantian Jade was diopside.It also shows the diffraction lines of serpentine and calcite,which were obviously different from those of other origins of Lantian Jade.According to the national standard,the article also discussed the name of Shangzhou Lantian Jade on the market.