杜仲摄入结合振动训练干预去卵巢联合地塞米松骨质疏松模型大鼠骨密度、骨代谢及骨生物力学的变化

Changes of bone mineral density, bone metabolism and biomechanics in rat models of ovariectomy and dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis treated by Eucommia ulmoides combined with vibration training

背景:妇女绝经后长期使用糖皮质激素的概率高于其他阶段,发生骨质疏松的概率也显著升高,利用运动搭配传统中药预防和治疗骨质疏松的发生逐渐被临床所采用。目的:探讨摄入杜仲提取物搭配全身振动训练对去卵巢联合地塞米松骨质疏松大鼠骨密度、骨代谢、骨生物力学性能的影响。方法:购入80只雌性SD大鼠,随机分为骨质疏松模型组和假手术组,骨质疏松模型组大鼠进行卵巢切除术和地塞米松摄入,假手术组进行假手术和安慰剂摄入,整个造模过程为期6周。造模结束后将骨质疏松模型组大鼠随机分为模型对照组、全身振动组、杜仲摄入组、杜仲摄入+全身振动组,进行12周的治疗方案干预;12周干预结束后24 h内,将全部大鼠分开放置到代谢笼中进行24 h尿液采集,次日对全部大鼠取血,进行骨代谢分析后麻醉处死大鼠,取左侧股骨进行骨扫描和骨生物力学测试。结果与结论:(1)正式干预前,模型对照组、全身振动组、杜仲摄入组、杜仲摄入+全身振动组大鼠体质量显著高于假手术组(P <0.05);在干预结束后,全身振动组、杜仲摄入组、杜仲摄入+全身振动组大鼠体质量显著低于模型对照组(P <0.05),模型对照组、全身振动组、杜仲摄入组、杜仲摄入+全身振动组大鼠体质量显著高于假手术组(P <0.05);(2)模型对照组大鼠的股骨骨密度、血清雌二醇水平低于假手术组、全身振动组、杜仲摄入组、杜仲摄入+全身振动组大鼠,且差异有显著性意义(P <0.05);(3)血清骨钙素、碱性磷酸酶浓度及尿液脱氧吡啶、钙、磷水平方面,模型对照组大鼠高于假手术组、全身振动组、杜仲摄入组和杜仲摄入+全身振动组,差异有显著性意义(P <0.05);(4)最大应力、最大载荷方面,模型对照组大鼠低于假手术组、全身振动组、杜仲摄入组和杜仲摄入+全身振动组,差异有显著性意义(P <0.05);(5)弹性模量方面,模型对照组大鼠高于假手术组、全身振动组、杜仲摄入组和杜仲摄入+全身振动组,差异有显著性意义(P <0.05);(6)提示摄入杜仲提取物、全身振动训练、摄入杜仲提取物联合全身振动训练等方案能够明显提高去卵巢大鼠联合地塞米松骨质疏松大鼠的骨密度,增强股骨的生物力学性能,改善骨代谢指标。

BACKGROUND: Long-term use of glucocorticoids in women after menopause is higher than other stages, and the incidence of osteoporosis is significantly increased. The use of exercise combined with traditional Chinese medicine to prevent and treat osteoporosis has gradually been adopted in the clinic.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Eucommia ulmoides extract combined with whole body vibration training on bone mineral density,bone metabolism and bone biomechanical properties in ovariectomized dexamethasone-induced osteoporotic rats.METHODS: Eighty female Sprague-Dawley rats were purchased and were randomly divided into model and sham groups. The rats in the model group underwent oophorectomy and dexamethasone. The rats in the sham group received sham operation and placebo intake. The modeling process was completed for 6 weeks. After the modeling, the osteoporotic rats were randomly divided into model control group,whole body vibration group, Eucommia ingestion group, and Eucommia inhalation + whole body vibration group, and 12 weeks of intervention was conducted. Within 24 hours after the end of intervention, all rats were placed in a metabolic cage for 24-hour urine collection. The next day, blood sample was collected, and all rats were sacrificed after analyzing bone metabolism. The left femur was scanned and bone biomechanical properties were detected.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Before intervention, the rat body mass in the sham group was significantly lower than that in the other groups(P < 0.05). After intervention, the body mass in the whole body vibration, Eucommia ingestion and Eucommia inhalation + whole body vibration groups was significantly lower than that in the model control group(P < 0.05). The body mass in the model control, whole body vibration, Eucommia ingestion and Eucommia inhalation + whole body vibration groups was significantly higher than that in the sham group(P< 0.05).(2) The femoral bone mineral density and serum estradiol level in the model control group were significantly lower than those in the sham, whole body vibration, Eucommia ingestion and Eucommia inhalation + whole body vibration groups(P < 0.05).(3) Serum osteocalcin,alkaline phosphatase concentration, urine deoxypyridoline, Ca2+, and P3+ in the model control group were significantly higher than those in the sham, whole body vibration, Eucommia ingestion and Eucommia inhalation + whole body vibration groups(P < 0.05).(4) The maximum stress and maximum load in model control group were significantly lower than those in the sham, whole body vibration, Eucommia ingestion and Eucommia inhalation + whole body vibration groups(P < 0.05).(5) The elastic modulus in the model control group was significantly higher than those in the sham, whole body vibration, Eucommia ingestion and Eucommia inhalation + whole body vibration groups(P < 0.05).(6) To conclude, ingestion of Eucommia ulmoides extract, whole body vibration training, ingestion of Eucommia ulmoides extract combined with whole body vibration training can significantly improve the bone mineral density of ovariectomized rats combined with dexamethasoneinduced osteoporosis, enhance the biomechanical properties of the femur, and improve bone metabolism indicators.