少数民族非物质文化遗产保护的人口要素探析

AN ANALYSIS OF THE POPULATION ELEMENTS OF THE PROTECTION OF INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE OF ETHNIC MINORITIES

非物质文化遗产保护的关键是对"人"的尊重和保护。少数民族非物质文化遗产保护中"人"的问题可以从人口数量、人口质量和人口流动等人口要素进行深入探讨。从人口数量来看,非遗保护人口包括参与非遗保护的各级政府管理人员、民间组织人员、学术研究者、工商企业人士、遗产所属的社区民众及其传承人等,一定数量的人口是少数民族非遗保护的重要基础。就人口质量而言,非遗保护的参与者不仅需要健康的身体素质,而且需要具备一定的科学文化素质和思想道德素质,这是少数民族非遗保护的关键要素。从人口流动角度来说,当前少数民族地区的人口流动对非遗保护主体的认知观念、参与者的思想态度、非遗文化生态、传承环境和保护模式等都带来重大影响。

The key to the protection of intangible cultural heritage is the respect and protection of "people". The problem of "people" in the protection of intangible cultural heritage of ethnic minorities can be further explored from the demographic factors such as population size, population quality and population mobility.In terms of population,the intangible population includes government officials at all levels, social organization workers, academic researchers, business and industrial enterprises,community members of the inheritance and their inheritors. A certain number of the population are an important basis for the protection of ethnic intangible cultural heritage. As far as the quality of the population is concerned, the heritage protectors not only need healthy physical quality, but also need to have certain scientific and cultural qualities and ideological and moral qualities, which is a key factor of the protection of intangible cultural heritage of ethnic minorities. From the perspective of population mobility, the current population movements in ethnic minority areas have a significant impact on the perceptions of intangible cultural heritage protection subjects, the participant’s ideological attitudes, the intangible cultural heritage ecology, the inheritance environment and the protection model. In short, population mobility is a new perspective on the protection of ethnic intangible cultural heritage in modern times.