泛加拿大评估项目数学试题风格及启示

The Style and Enlightenment of Mathematics Test Questions in the Pan-Canadian Assessment Program

对泛加拿大评估项目(PCAP)中的数学测试进行分析,揭示其命题的风格与特点,对于进一步拓宽我国中小学数学命题的视野具有重要意义。PCAP数学测试将学生的认知水平划分为低级水平、中级水平和高级水平,主要评估学生在数和运算、几何和测量、模式和关系、数据处理和概率等方面的能力,涉及问题解决、推理与证明、交流、关联以及表征过程;试题关注情境的真实性和生活化,问题解决过程渗透对数学探究能力的考查,解答题采用编码制的评分标准。借鉴PCAP数学命题的有益经验,我国中小学数学试题命制可以尝试将情境的真实性和生活化融入试题设计,着力考查学生的数学探究能力,同时通过优化评分标准来展现学生的多样化思考。

The analysis of the mathematical test in the Pan-Canada Assessment Program(PCAP)reveals the style and characteristics of its proposition,which is of great significance for further broadening the horizon of mathematics propositions in primary and secondary schools in China. The PCAP math test divides students’ cognitive levels into low-level,intermediate-level,and advanced level. It mainly assesses students’abilities in numbers and operations,geometry and measurement,patterns and relationships,data processing and probability, involving problemsolving,reasoning and verification,communication,association and characterization process;the test questions focus on the authenticity and real life situation,the problem-solving process penetrates the examination of students’mathematical inquiry ability,and the solution questions scoring are based on the coding standard. Drawing on the useful experience of PCAP mathematics propositions,the propositions of junior high school mathematics tests in China can try to integrate the authenticity and real life situation into the test design, focus on the students’mathematical inquiry ability,and demonstrate students’diverse thinking by optimizing the scoring standardsat the same time.