短暂症状性脑梗死临床特征及发病机制的研究进展

Research Progress in Clinical Features and Pathogenesis of Transient Symptoms Associated with Infarction

短暂症状性脑梗死(TSI)是近年新出现的组织学定义,指临床症状与短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)相同,采用弥散加权成像(DWI)可发现病变的一类疾病。TSI、缺血性脑卒中(IS)和TIA的临床、血液化验和影像学的特征具有相似性和差异性,但也有其独特性。TSI作为独立疾病,其复发率远高于IS和TIA。DWI显示相似梗死改变患者的临床表现和预后存在差异,但具体机制尚不清楚。TSI可能与微栓子、脑白质病变、脑储备等有关,TSI阳性的相关因素可能与血尿素氮/肌酐比值、血糖、血浆D-二聚体、神经功能缺损症状持续时间、DWI检查时间等有关。

Transient symptoms associated with infarction(TSI) is a newly emerging histological definition in recent years.It refers to a kind of disease whose clinical symptoms are the same as that of transient ischemic attack(TIA).Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) can detect this type of lesions.The clinical,blood test and imaging features of TSI,ischemic stroke(IS) and TIA have both similarities and differences,but they also have their own characteristics.As an independent disease,the recurrence rate of TSI is much higher than that of IS and TIA.DWI shows that the clinical manifestations and prognosis of patients with similar infarction changes are different,but the specific mechanism is not clear.TSI may be related to microembolism,white matter lesion,brain reserve,etc.The related factors of TSI positive may be blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio,blood sugar,plasma D-dimer,duration of neurological deficit symptoms,time of DWI examination,etc.