特发性肾病综合征特异性标志物的研究进展

Advances in Research on Specific Markers of Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

特发性肾病综合征的病因及病理类型各异,目前病理形态学诊断仍是特发性肾病综合征病理分型的金标准,缺乏分子水平的诊断及分型方法,同时缺乏监控疾病进展的特异性无创性分子标志物。因此,肾病综合征的早期诊断及疾病临床进展预测仍面临很多困难。随着分子学的不断发展,人们发现一些新型生物标志物,如CD80、M型磷脂酶A 2受体、1型血小板反应蛋白7A域等,可用于肾病综合的无创性诊断,甚至可用于评估不同类型肾病综合征的治疗效果和预测其复发情况,有望实现肾病综合征的精准诊断及治疗。

The etiology and pathological types of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome are different.At present,pathomorphological diagnosis is still the gold standard for the pathological classification of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome,lacking mole- cular level diagnosis and typing methods,and specific non-invasive molecular markers to monitor the progression of disease.Therefore,early diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome and prediction of clinical progression of the disease still face many difficulties.With the continuous development of follow-up molecular science,some new biomarkers(such as CD80,phospholipase A 2 receptor,thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing 7A) have been found to be useful for non-invasive diagnosis of nephropathy in recent years,which can even be used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of different types of nephrotic syndrome and predict the recurrence.It is expected to achieve accurate diagnosis and treatment for nephrotic syndrome.