夏季修剪对夏黑葡萄生产效率的影响

Effects of Summer Pruning on the Production Efficiency of Xiahei Grape

为促进葡萄产业的健康发展,设置了4种修剪方法,对果实单粒重、体积,修剪用工量、夏季修剪废弃物进行调查测定,计算分析了生产效率。结果表明:处理A[4叶(果穗以下新梢,副梢抹除)+8叶(花前新梢4叶摘心,保留副梢1叶)+8叶(摘心后新梢4叶摘心,保留副梢1叶)]、处理C[4叶(果穗以下新梢,副梢抹除)+12叶(花前新梢4叶摘心,保留副梢2叶)+4叶(摘心后新梢2叶摘心,保留副梢1叶)]、处理D[4叶(果穗以下新梢,副梢抹除)+12叶(花前新梢4叶摘心,保留副梢2叶)+4叶(摘心后新梢4叶摘心,副梢抹除)]的单粒重显著高于处理B[4叶(果穗以下新梢,副梢抹除)+4叶(花前新梢4叶摘心,副梢抹除)+12叶(摘心后新梢4叶摘心,保留副梢2叶)],处理D的单粒体积显著高于其他处理;处理A的年生产用工量显著高于其他处理;通过计算生产效率,处理C、D在单位时间葡萄产量方面均显著高于处理A、B。综合评价,以处理D的效果最佳。

In order to promote the healthy development of grape industry,four pruning methods were set up,the single grain weight,volume,pruning amount and summer pruning waste were investigated and measured,and production efficiency was calculated and analyzed.The results showed that the single grain weight of treatment A(four leaves‘new shoots below the ear,the secondary tips were erased’+eight leaves‘4 th leaf topping before flowering,retaining 1 leaf of secondary shoot’+eight leaves‘the new shoots were topped with 4 leaves after picking the heart,reserved side shoot with 1 leaf’),teatment C(four leaves‘new shoots below the ear,the secondary tips were erased’+twelve leaves‘4 th leaf topping before flowering,retaining 2 leaves of secondary shoot’+four leaves‘the new shoots were topped with 2 leaves after picking the heart,reserved side shoot with1 leaf’),treatment D(four leaves‘new shoots below the ear,the secondary tips were erased’+twelve leaves‘4 th leaf topping before flowering,retaining 2 leaves of secondary shoot’+four leaves‘the new shoots were topped with 4 leaves after picking the heart,the secondary tips were erased’)were significantly higher than that of treatment B(four leaves‘new shoots below the ear,the secondary tips were erased’+four leaves‘4 th leaf topping before flowering,the secondary tips were erased’+twelve leaves‘the new shoots were topped with 4 leaves after picking the heart,retaining 2 leaves of secondary shoot’).The volume of single particles treated D was significantly higher than other treatments.The annual production workload of treatment A was significantly higher than other treatments.By calculating production efficiency,treatments C and D were significantly higher than the treatments A and B in terms of grape production per unit time and grape production per unit of waste.Treatment D was the best by comprehensive evaluation.