铜陵生姜产区施肥及土壤养分现状分析

Analysis of Fertilization and Soil Nutrient Status in Tongling Ginger Producing Area

采用实地调研与室内分析的方法,对铜陵生姜产区施肥及土壤养分现状进行了分析。结果表明,铜陵生姜产区农户氮素投入量偏低,磷素投入量过高,钾素投入量偏低,N∶P2O5∶K2O平均为1∶1.05∶0.98,氮、磷、钾投入比例失衡;铜陵生姜产区土壤pH在4.1~7.6,土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷以及速效钾的平均值分别为21.4g/kg、1.3g/kg、46.0mg/kg、68.4mg/kg和114.0mg/kg,土壤酸化程度较为严重,土壤养分含量整体属中等水平,但土壤全氮、碱解氮和速效钾含量均应适当提高,在今后铜陵生姜产区养分管理中,应采取平衡施肥技术,适当增施氮、钾肥,减施磷肥,适当施用碱性调理剂并注意缩小区域间土壤养分差异的养分管理措施。

By using the method of field investigation and indoor analysis, the Tongling ginger production area fertilization and soil nutrient status were analyzed. The results showed that for the farm households in the ginger production areas in Tongling, the nitrogen application amount was low, the phosphorus application amount was relatively high, the potassium application amount was low, the average ratio of N ∶P 2O 5 ∶K 2O was 1 ∶1.05 ∶0.98, the application ratios of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were unbalanced;the pH value of the soil in the ginger production areas in Tongling ranged from 3.3 to 6.4, the average values of organic matter, total nitrogen, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil were 21.4 g/kg, 1.3 g/kg, 46.0 mg/kg, 68.4 mg/kg and 114.0 mg/kg, respectively, the soil acidification was serious, and the soil nutrient content was overall at a medium level, but the contents of total nitrogen, alkaline nitrogen and available potassium in the soil should be appropriately increased. In the future nutrient management of the ginger production areas in Tongling, nutrient management measures of appropriately increasing the application amounts of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers, reducing the application amount of phosphorus fertilizers, properly applying alkaline conditioners, and narrowing the difference in soil nutrients between areas should be taken.