试论晏几道恋情词的文化品格与艺术格调

A Review of the Cultural Character and Artistic Style of Yan Jidao’s Love Poems

本文着重考察晏几道词风与宋代士大夫文化精神变迁趋势之间的动态关系。一方面,晏几道受到庆历以后士大夫文化的影响,将其父晏殊擅长的小令体裁和柳永擅长的艳情题材熔于一炉,极力讲求和提炼情感境界的纯净感,以精细灵敏的笔触和天然秀逸的才调,创造了古典诗词恋情书写的新境界,使之摆脱了五代宋初词体的世俗气息和轻率态度。另一方面,他对士大夫标举的流行时文和道德学术又有明显的抵触,坚持从自己纤弱、敏感的心理优势出发,用一种略带偏执的气性强化恋爱的排他性和专注性,营造出玲珑通透的艺术空间,贯注着富有凝聚力和穿透力的精神话语。

This paper discusses the dynamic relationship between the poetic style of Yan Jidao and the spiritual changes of the scholar-official culture in the Song Dynasty.The author holds that Yan's poetic style is influenced by the scholar-official culture which took shape after the reign of Qingli (1041-1048), and Yan combined the genre of short verse, a field of expertise of his father Yan Shu, with the theme of romance, which Liu Yong was expert at.In his poems, Yan sought to pursue the extreme purity of feelings, and with delicate diction and natural conception, Yan created a new style for the classical poetry of love, which distinguishes itself from the secular tinge and rash attitude seen in the poems of the Five Dynasties and the early Song Dynasty.Furthermore, Yan strongly opposed the popular eight-legged essays and moral scholarship upheld by scholar-officials.He proceeded from his psychological advantage of delicacy and sensitivity and emphasized the exclusiveness and wholeheartedness of love with dogged determination.As a result, Yan had created an exquisite art space for readers, which is weaved by highly cohesive and profound spiritual discourse.