三七精密播种机漏播重播检测系统设计与试验

Design and Test of Missed Broadcast and Over Sowing System for Panax Precision Seeder

针对小行株距三七精密播种存在的重播漏播问题,设计了一套基于双层对射式激光传感器的五管集排式重播漏播检测系统。该检测系统以加法电路作为落种信号检测电路,利用窝眼滚筒端面圆形阵列的磁铁片结构将排种信号转换为霍尔脉冲信号,通过STC89C58单片机内部程序算法把霍尔脉冲信号转换为实时株距值,并与设定理论株距值相对比,建立起三七小行株距作物的重播漏播检测方法。试验表明,该检测方法能满足播种机在不同工况下的播种检测需求,对单粒漏播重播检测的准确率达99.967%,对种子上下紧密跟随的重播现象的检测准确率在93.07%~94.09%。本文设计的检测系统对三七这种小行株距作物的单粒漏播以及种子上下紧密跟随的双粒重播检测功能上有着特有的优势。

In order to solve the problem of missed sowing in replay of precision sowing of Panax notoginseng with small row spacing,a set of five-tube tandem repeat missed sowing detection system based on double-layer counter-radiation laser sensor was designed.The detection system uses the addition circuit as the seed drop signal detection circuit,converts the seed drop signal into a Hall pulse signal by using the magnet piece structure of the circular array on the end surface of the socket roller,converts the Hall pulse signal into a real-time plant spacing value through the internal program algorithm of STC89C58 single chip microcomputer,and establishes a replay missed sowing detection method for notoginseng small row plant spacing crops in comparison with the set theoretical plant spacing value.The test shows that the detection method can meet the seeding detection requirements of the seeder under different working conditions.The accuracy rate of single missed seed replay detection is 99.967%,and the detection accuracy rate of replay phenomenon closely followed up and down seeds is 93.07%~94.09%.The detection system designed in this paper has unique advantages on the single-grain missed sowing and the replay detection function of closely following up and down double-grain seeds of Panax seeding,which is a small row spacing crop.