国家建构、国家建设与行政国家

State Construction, State Building and the Administrative State

人们一般在国家建设的论域中讨论行政国家问题。这是一个值得商榷的进路。必须在国家建构与国家建设这两个角度同时审视行政国家,才足以完整理解行政国家的相关问题。国家建构需要完成确立行政国家的任务,国家建设需要落实行政效率的目标。这是现代国家结构健全与功能优化的双重要求所注定的状态。它们的关系不是疏离的,而是紧密的。对处在深水区改革的中国来讲,沃尔多与西蒙针对公共行政发出的不同声音,其实对中国都具有同场共在的针对性。中国的行政国家建构与建设,需要同时在结构完善与功能优化两个方面着手。

The issue of administrative state is generally discussed in the field of state building. Only by examining the administrative state from the two perspectives of state construction and state building can we fully understand the relevant aspects of the administrative state. State construction needs to establish the task for an administrative state,and state building needs to improve the administrative efficiency. Both are determined by the dual requirements of a sound structure and functional optimization of the modern state.These requirements are not alienated,but are closely linked. For today’s China,different voices from Dwight Waldo and Herbert Simon actually have the same significance. The construction and building of China’s administrative state need both of structural perfection and functional optimization,so that China can become a modern administrative state or a modern state.