美国汉学之于比较文学的意义——以美国《文心雕龙》研究为例

The Significance of American Sinology to the Comparative Literature: Taking Studies on Wen Xin Diao Lung in America as an Example

虽然20世纪中叶以后,美国比较文学研究逐渐摆脱拘泥于事实影响关系的研究,开始平行研究,但是,直到20世纪90年代,大多数人依然固守欧洲文学传统,不敢越雷池一步。以戈登、惠特克、费威廉和彼得《文心雕龙》研究为代表的美国汉学界,不仅率先实践了中西跨文化、跨学科的比较研究,而且从理论和实践上深入探讨了中西文学的可比性问题,更重要的是在视域、平台、基本思路以及基本思想等方面,形成了一些程式化的东西,从而进一步补充、丰富、完善了美国比较文学,使其真正成为打破文化民族主义壁垒的、跨文化、跨学科的研究。

Since the middle of the 20th century,Americans began to use parallel study which gradually got rid of the research that is constrained by the factual influence relationship. However,until the 1990 s,most people still adhered to the European literary tradition and feared to step further. In the American Sinology,The study of Wen Xin Diao Lung by Gordon,Whitaker,William and Peter not only took the lead in the practice of cross-cultural and interdisciplinary comparative studies on China and the West,but also explored the issue of comparability. More importantly,the study has formed some stylized things in the field of horizont,platforms,basic ideas and so on,which further supplemented,enriched and perfected the American comparative literature,making it truly a cross-cultural,interdisciplinary study that broke the barrier of irrational cultural nationalism.