超声波协同处理对桉木抽提物及尺寸稳定性的影响

Effects of Ultrasonic Synergistic Treatment on Extractives and Dimensional Stability of Eucalyptus

目的探究不同频率超声波辅助去离子水溶液的抽提处理对巨尾桉木抽提物得率、成分以及试件尺寸稳定性的影响。方法分别以频率为0,25,59kHz的超声波辅助去离子水、质量分数为1%的盐酸溶液、质量分数为1%的氢氧化钠溶液,在60℃条件下抽提巨尾桉试件2h,计算抽提物得率,采用GC/MS检测抽提物成分,测算试件的湿胀率和抗湿胀率。结果在频率为59kHz的超声波辅助下,氢氧化钠溶液(1%)处理组的抽提物得率最高,达7.67%;3种溶液处理所得抽提物成分差异虽较大,但超声波辅助抽提时,烷烃类、酯类物质的种类及相对含量变化明显;抽提处理提高了试件的尺寸稳定性,59kHz的超声波辅助盐酸溶液(1%)处理组试件的抗湿胀率最高,达到65.39%。结论超声波协同热水溶液的抽提处理能够提高巨尾桉尺寸稳定性,且有利于抽提物的抽出。

The paper aims to explore the effects of extraction treatment of ultrasonic with different frequencies assisted with deionized aqueous solution on extractive yield,components and dimensional stability of E.grandis×E.urophylla.The E.grandis×E.urophylla samples were extracted in deionized water,1% hydrochloric acid solution and 1% sodium hydroxide solution at 60 ℃ for 2 h at ultrasonic frequency of 0,25 and 59 kHz,respectively.The extractive yield,the sample swelling ratio and the anti-swelling efficacy were calculated,and the extractive components were detected by GC/MS.The sample with the frequency of 59 kHz ultrasound assisted with 1% sodium hydroxide solution had the highest extractive yield,up to 7.67%.The components of the extractives obtained by three kinds of solutions had a large difference,but the types and relative contents of alkanes and esters changed apparently during ultrasonic-assisted extraction;the extraction treatment improved the dimensional stability of the samples.The sample with the frequency of 59 kHz ultrasound assisted with 1% hydrochloric acid solution had the highest anti-swelling efficacy,up to 65.39%.The extraction treatment by ultrasonic synergistic hot aqueous solution can improve the dimensional stability of the E.grandis×E.urophylla and facilitate the extraction of the extractive.