基于模糊搜索算法的考虑灵敏度约束相量量测单元最优配置

A Pattern Search Algorithm Approach for Optimal Location of PMUs Considering Sensitive Bus Constraints

相量量测单元(PMU)在电力网络节点中的配置关系到状态估计的质量。PMU应当以最小的成本布置在最优的节点,同时增加冗余性和可观性。本文提出了一种考虑非线性节点灵敏度约束的、基于模式搜索算法求解的PMU最优选址模型。通过计算考虑负荷变动的潮流得到电压均值,形成电压可靠性指标,以此判断灵敏节点。非线性约束中考虑零注入节点,减少PMU配置的数量同时满足状态估计的要求。节点的冗余性利用节点可观性指标得到,说明PMU布置在敏感节点的必要性。利用模式搜索算法求解该优化模型,并给出了以IEEE14节点为例的PMU最优配置具体模型。最后利用IEEE14和30节点进行了仿真算例分析,说明该模型和算法的有效性。

Allocation of Phasor Measurement Units(PMU) in a network isa work related to the quality of state estimation. So in order to increase redundancy and obtain complete observability, PMUs must be allocated at optimal places in the network with minimum cost. In this paper, a Pattern Search Algorithm(PSA) based PMU allocation model considering nonlinear sensitive constraints of buses considering is proposed. Sensitive buses are determined by formulating Voltage Stability Index(VSI) considering mean of voltages obtained from load flows with increasing loads. Modeling of nonlinear constraints integrated with Zero Injection(ZI) buses is taken into consideration to further minimize the number of PMUs. The redundancy at each bus is measured with Bus Observability Index(BOI) to show the importance of PMUs allocation at sensitive buses. Then a specific PMU allocation model considering the above mentioned constraints is formulated on IEEE14 bus feeders. The proposed method is programmed in MATLAB and applied on IEEE 14 and 30 bus feeders. The results obtained are analyzed and compared with other methods available in literature to show effectiveness of proposed method.