台湾地区原子能法律制度研究

Research on the Legal System of Atomic Energy in Taiwan

当前大陆地区已成为世界原子能综合开发利用醇熟度最高地区之一,原子能法律制度发展却严重滞后于核能开发利用速度。纵观台湾地区原子能法律制度,在近50年时间中,其法律制度与体系不断完善健全,呈现出体系浩繁、制度外延宽泛、立法粗细并重、善于利用行政法规和命令细化业有法律制度、立法间程旷日长久等特点。在东北亚乃至全球原子能法律发展史中皆为一个独特样本,但目前大陆地区尚未围绕台湾地区原子能法律制度开展系统研究,局限了我们的比较视野。本文结合当前国际核能发展趋势、台湾地区最新核能政策,全面梳理了其原子能法律体系,对典型制度、经验做法进行了类型化研究,挖掘出其制度蕴涵浓厚管制和应急色彩、法制修订与技术发展耦合性高、热衷利用财政金融工具健全核能保障和风险管理机制等发展机理,并结合大陆地区原子能法律制度发展实际,提出具体启示与建议,以期促力大陆地区原子能法律制度体系建构工程压茬推进、两岸法治文化互学共鉴。

At present, China mainland has become one of the regions with the highest level of comprehensive development and utilization of atomic energy in the world, but the development of the atomic energy legal system has lagged behind the pace of nuclear energy development and utilization.Throughout the Taiwan atomic energy legal system, in the past 50 years, its legal system has been continuously improved, with extensive system, broad regulations, detailed legislation, adept in using administrative regulations and orders to refine the legal system, and very long legislative process time.It is a unique sample in the history of atomic energy law development in Northeast Asia even the world.However, at present, we have not conducted a systematic study on the atomic energy legal system in Taiwan, which limits our comparative vision.This article combines the development trend of international nuclear energy and the latest nuclear energy policy in Taiwan, and makes a comprehensive study of the atomic energy legal system in Taiwan.The article conducts a type study on typical systems and empirical practices, summarizes that the Taiwan atomic energy law system has a strong regulatory and emergency color management ideas, and found that the coupling effect between legal revision and technological development is outstanding, willing using financial tools to improve atomic energy security and risk management mechanisms, etc.The last part of the article combined with the latest development of the atomic energy legal system in the China mainland, mentioned specific revelations and suggestions.The article hopes to contributing to the system of legal system of China mainland atomic energy perfect work progressed steadily, also hopes that cross-strait legal culture can learn from each other and mirror each other.