2016-2017年大连市区适龄妇女乳腺癌和宫颈癌筛查结果分析

Analysis of screening results of breast and cervical benign and malignant lesions in women of Dalian from 2016 to 2017

目的:分析大连市区适龄妇女乳腺癌和宫颈癌的筛查结果。方法:选取大连市市区2016年至2017年适龄妇女共46846人为研究对象。对研究对象进行问卷调查、乳腺癌筛查、宫颈癌筛查。分析筛查结果。结果:共筛查适龄妇女46846人,其中乳腺癌患病率为38.42/10万,宫颈浸润癌患病率为42.69/10万,宫颈上皮内瘤变患病率为394.91/10万,宫颈原位癌患病率为10.88/10万。各年龄组乳腺癌、宫颈原位癌患病率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);46~55岁组宫颈浸润癌患病率明显高于25~45岁组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);56~70岁组宫颈上皮内瘤变患病率明显低于25~45岁组和46~55岁组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。有生育史女性乳腺癌患病率高于无生育史女性,但宫颈上皮内瘤变发生率低于有生育史女性。合并子宫肌瘤的患者宫颈浸润癌、宫颈原位癌、宫颈上皮内瘤变发生率均明显高于慢性宫颈炎患者,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:大连市适龄妇女乳腺癌和宫颈癌筛查对于女性恶性肿瘤的早期诊断和早期治疗具有重要的临床价值,尤其是对于46~55岁年龄段处于更年期的女性,更应该增加筛查的力度,从而起到改善患者预后的作用。

Objective:To analyze screening patterns and screening results of breast cancer and cervical cancer in women of Dalian. Methods:A total of 46846 women of the appropriate age in Dalian from 2016 to 2017 were selected.They were investigated by using the questionnaires,breast cancer screening,and cervical cancer screening.Then,the screening results were analyzed.Results:A total of 46846 women of the appropriate age were screened.Among them,the prevalence rates of breast cancer,cervical invasive carcinoma,cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and cervical invasive in situ were 38.42/100000,42.69/100000,394.91/100000 and 10.88/100000,separately.There were no significant differences in the prevalence of breast cancer and cervical carcinoma in situ among all age groups (P>0.05).The prevalence of cervical invasive carcinoma in the 46-55 years old group was significantly higher than that in the 25-45 years old group,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in 56-70 years old group was significantly lower than that in the 25-45 years old group and the 46-55 years old group,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The prevalence of breast cancer in the women with a history of birth was higher than that of those without birth history,but the incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia was lower than that of those with the birth history. The incidence of cervical invasive carcinoma,cervical carcinoma in situ,and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were significantly higher in the patients with uterine fibroids than those with chronic cervicitis,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusions:The screening for breast cancer and cervical cancer in the women of the appropriate age in Dalian has important clinical values for early diagnosis and early treatment of the female malignant tumors,especially for the women of 46-55 year old,who are in menopause.Therefore,it should increase the intensity of screening in order to improve the prognosis of the patients.