应用锥形束CT比较骨性Ⅲ类高角■与正常■成人上气道形态和舌骨位置的意义

Significance of comparison in upper airway morphology and hyoid position between skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion of high-angle and normal occlusion of adults by cone beam CT

目的:通过锥体束CT(CBCT)图像分析骨性Ⅲ类高角[牙合]与正常[牙合]成人上气道形态和舌骨位置的差异,初步探讨骨性Ⅲ类高角错[牙合]畸形对成人上气道形态及舌骨位置的影响。方法:选择在辽宁省大连市口腔医院正畸科就诊的成人患者42例,其中骨性Ⅲ类高角[牙合]组和正常[牙合]组各21例,利用MIMICS 20.0软件测量2组患者CBCT的上气道各分区线距、横截面积、体积和舌骨线距,并对数据进行统计学分析。结果:与正常[牙合]组比较,骨性Ⅲ类高角[牙合]组患者鼻咽的最大横向距离(LAT1)、腭咽的最大矢状距离(AP2)和腭咽的体积(VOL2)均增大(P<0.05),舌咽和喉咽的最大横向距离(LAT3和LAT4)、喉咽的横截面积(CSA4)和体积(VOL4)均减小(P<0.05)。与正常[牙合]组比较,骨性Ⅲ类高角[牙合]组患者舌骨位置有向前、向上移位的趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:成人骨性Ⅲ类高角错[牙合]畸形可使上气道上段腭咽横截面积和体积增大,上气道下段喉咽横截面积和体积减小,并且舌骨有向前、向上移位的趋势。

Objective: To analyze the differents in the upper airway morphology and hyoid position between skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion of high-angle and normal occlusion by cone beam CT(CBCT),and to study the influence of skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion of high-angle in the upper airway and hyoid position of the adults preliminarily.Methods:A total of 42 adults in Department of Orthodontics,Dalian Stomatology Hospital were chosen,including 21 adults with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion of high-angle and 21 adults with normal occlusion.MIMICS 20.0 software was used to measure the line spacing,cross-sectional area and volume of each upper airway segment and line distance of hyoid of the patients on CBCT;SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results: Compared with normal occlusion group,the maximum lateral distance (LAT1) of the nasopharynx,the maximum anterior-posterior distance (AP2) of the velopharyngeal,and the volume of the velopharyngeal (VOL2) of the patients in skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion of high-angle group were increased (P <0.05).Compared with normal occlusion group,the maximum lateral distance of the glossopharynx and laryngopharynx (LAT3 and LAT4),the cross-sectional area of the laryngopharynx (CSA4) and the volume of the laryngopharynx (VOL4) of the patients in skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion of high-angle group were decreased (P <0.05).While no statistically significant difference was found in the position of the hyoid bone that had a tendency to shift forward and upward of the patients in skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion of high-angle group compared with normal occlusion group (P >0.05).Conclusion:Cross-sectional area and volume of velopharyngeal have the tendency of increase,but cross-sectional area and volume of laryngopharynx have the tendency of decrease in the patients with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion of high-angle.The hyoid bone has a tendency to shift forward and upward in the patients with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion of high-angle.