老年患者手术麻醉的临床核心技术分析

Core Techniques of Anesthesia for Elderly Patients:a Review

中国正处于人口老龄化社会,高龄者经历手术的几率及风险更高,并发症更多。本综述从围术期评估和管理两个方面,揭示和分析了麻醉学降低患者死亡率的核心技术。围术期评估中,麻醉医生通过识别高危手术患者,处理高危因素,为手术安全、顺利进行奠定基础。围术期管理中,麻醉医生综合应用包括麻醉药物、阻滞疼痛、呼吸循环管理、脏器保护等老年患者麻醉核心技术,针对老年患者的特异性情况采用个体化方案,使患者达到最佳预后。同时,本综述呼吁关注并推动老年患者麻醉学科临床核心技术的发展。

China has entered an aging society in which the problem about the aged becomes a public concern.The incidence and risk of surgery are much higher in the elderly.Before the surgery,anesthesiologists can identify high-risk surgical patients and deal with them to prepare the patients in a relatively good physical condition.During and after the surgery,anesthesiologists choose the specific treatment for the elderly patients to achieve the best prognosis,by using core anesthesia techniques,including anesthetic drugs,pain management,respiratory-circulation management,and organ protection.This review summarized the core techniques of anesthesiology in elderly patients from the assessment and management perspectives.