几内亚苏阿皮蒂水利枢纽泄流底孔的水力学研究

Hydraulic Study of the Bottom Discharge Outlets in Souapiti Hydropower Station of Guinea

苏阿皮蒂水电站的泄流底孔参与了宣泄洪水保证大坝安全的重要任务。由于底孔的水头高、流量大,水力特性复杂,通过理论计算与模型试验验证,泄流底孔的泄量计算值与模型试验结果基本一致。挑流消能的冲坑深度的计算结果与模型试验稍有差异,但不影响坝趾基岩稳定。弧形工作门后设置1.2m高的跌坎,边墙两侧各设0.5m的突扩,模型试验表明,突跌突扩的措施达到了掺气减蚀的设计效果。

The bottom discharge outlets in Souapiti Hydropower Station are of great importance for the flood discharge and thus the safety of the dam.As the bottom outlets are of high water head,big flow and complex hydraulic characteristics,numerical simulations and physical model tests are carried out.The results show that the calculated discharge flow values of the bottom outlets are basically the same with the model test results.The calculated depth of the scour pit due to energy dissipation is slightly different from the model test result,while the stability of the bedrock behind the dam toe is not affected by the scour pit.To realize the aeration and mitigate the discharge erosion,a 1.2 m high falling-sill is arranged after the radial working gate and a 0.5 m wide flaring is arranged for both sides of the gate piers.The model test results show that the designed aeration and erosion mitigation performance is obtained by the falling-sill and flaring pier measures.