不同耕作和灌溉方式对玉米光合特性的影响

Effects of Different Tillage and Irrigation Methods on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Maize

以旋耕畦灌(CK)为对照,探究不同耕作和灌溉方式处理夏深松畦灌(XS35)、秋深松畦灌(QS35)、秋深松微喷灌(QS35SI)和秋深松滴灌(QS35DI)对玉米光合特性的影响,以确定深松耕下的合理灌溉方式。结果表明:不同耕作方式下,QS35处理LAI、叶绿素相对含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率、产量较CK分别提高20.7%,6.4%,17.8%,36.9%,40.1%,18.9%,9.6%,花前和花后Fv/Fm均无显著差异,花前和花后qP、ETR、Y(Ⅱ)在不同光照强度下表现为QS35>XS35>CK,NPQ在花后表现为QS35<XS35<CK;不同灌溉方式下,QS35SI处理LAI、叶绿素相对含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率、产量较CK分别提高23.8%,11.2%,37.9%,69.1%,79.2%,38.7%,7.5%,花前和花后Fv/Fm均无显著差异,花前和花后qP、ETR、Y(Ⅱ)在不同光照强度下表现为QS35SI>QS35DI>QS35>CK,花前和花后NPQ表现为QS35SI<QS35DI<QS35<CK。秋深松结合微喷灌能促进玉米光合作用,提高产量。

Taking rotary tillage combined with border irrigation as the control(CK),the effects of different tillage methods,including autumn subsoiling(QS35)and summer subsoiling(XS35)under border irrigation,and different irrigation methods,including autumn subsoiling with border irrigation(QS35),autumn subsoiling with microspray irrigation(QS35SI)and autumn subsoiling with drip irrigation(QS35DI),on photosynthetic characteristics of maize were studied to determine the rational irrigation methods under subsoiling.The results showed that the LAI,chlorophyll relative content,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration,transpiration rate and yield of QS35 were 20.7%,6.4%,17.8%,36.9%,40.1%,18.9%,9.6%higher than CK under different tillage modes,respectively.There were no significant differences in F v/F m before and after anthesis,the qP,ETR,Y(Ⅱ)before and after an thesis were QS35>XS35>CK,while NPQ was QS35<XS35<CK under different light intensities.Under different irrigation methods,the LAI,chlorophyll relative content,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration,transpiration rate and yield of QS35 SI treatment were 23.8%,11.2%,37.9%,69.1%,79.2%,38.7%,7.5%higher than CK,respectively.There were no significant differences in F v/F m before and after flowering,the qP,ETR,Y(Ⅱ)before and after flowering were QS35 SI>QS35 DI>QS35>CK,while NPQ was QS35 SI<QS35 DI<QS35<CK under different light intensities.Autumn subsoiling combined with microspray irrigation can promote photosynthesis and increase yield of maize.