企业产权性质与个人所得税筹划决策——基于政府扶持、政府压力及管理层权力的分析

Ownership and Personal Income Tax Planning Decision——A Research Based on Government Support,Government Pressure and Managerial Power

如何激励职工努力工作,一直是实务界及理论界关注的热点话题,为职工开展个人所得税筹划能够提高职工的税后薪酬,可能具有职工激励作用。本文以我国2010~2016年的A股上市公司为研究对象,分析了企业产权性质与个人所得税筹划之间的关系。研究发现:(1)个人所得税是非国有企业交换政府扶持的重要工具,非国企不倾向于为职工开展个税筹划;(2)国企利用个人所得税交换政府扶持的动机较小,倾向于开展个税筹划,且地方国企的个税筹划倾向高于中央直属国企。进一步研究发现,地方政府面临的压力以及过大的管理层权力,均会降低国企的个税筹划倾向。本文首次研究了企业个税筹划决策的影响因素,不仅丰富了纳税筹划的相关研究,也为提高职工激励效率提供了新的思路。

Employee incentive has been a hot topic.Implementing personal income tax planning for employees can improve their after-tax salary and may improve incentive effect.Using the sample of A-share Chinese listed companies from 2010 to 2016,the paper examines the impact of ownership on personal income tax planning decision of enterprises.We find that,(1)for non-state-owned enterprises,personal income tax is a valuable resource to exchange government support,so non-state-owned enterprises are not inclined to carry out personal income tax planning for employees.(2)State-owned firms are inclined to implement personal income tax planning since they are less motivated to exchange personal income tax for government support,among which local government-owned enterprises exhibit more willingness than central government-owned enterprises.In addition,the pressure of local government and excessive managerial power have significantly negative effects on personal income tax planning of SOEs.This is the first study,to the best of our knowledge,to investigate factors that influence personal income tax planning decisions of enterprises.It not only enriches the correlation researches of tax planning,but also provides a new way to improve the efficiency of employee incentive.