基于商业信用的供应商支付策略选择研究

Supplier’s Optimal Payment Policy under Trade Credit

传统的考虑提前支付或延期支付等商业信用的供应链模型,都是假定在支付模式已定情况下,探讨供应链成员的最优决策问题。但在实际市场环境中,供应商会根据其自身的利益去选择不同的支付模式。当需求率依赖于供应商给定的批发价格和商业信用期时,本文研究供应商的最优支付模式选择和零售商的补货策略。研究表明,提前支付下,零售商补货周期和批发价格会随着提前支付期的增加而减少;延期支付下,随着延期支付期的增加,零售商补货周期降低而批发价格增加。当批发价格对需求率的影响系数较大时,供应商更倾向于选择提前支付来增加自己的利润;当延期支付的违约风险和资金机会成本较小时,供应商更倾向于选择延期支付。

The traditional supply chain models considering trade credit, such as advance payment or credit payment study that the optimal decisions of supply chain members when the payment mode is determined. However, in the real market environment, the supplier will choose different payment modes according to its profit. We study the supplier’s optimal payment mode selection and the retailer’s replenishment strategy when demand rate is dependent on the wholesale price and trade credit period offered by the supplier. The study shows that under advance payment, the retailer’s replenishment cycle and the wholesale price will decrease as the advance payment period increases. While under credit payment, the retailer’s replenishment cycle will decrease and the wholesale price will increase as the credit payment period increases. When the impact coefficient of wholesale price on the demand rate is larger, the supplier tends to choose advance payment to increase profit;when the default risk and capital opportunity cost are smaller, the supplier tends to choose credit payment.