儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征临床特点及行为的相关性

Study on the correlation between clinical characteristics and behavior of children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

目的探讨儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, OSAHS)临床特点及行为的相关性。方法选取70例OSAHS儿童为观察组,选取同期门诊体检的100例健康儿童为对照组,比较两组儿童的一般项目指标、血液学指标、智力、注意力及行为情况等临床特点之间的差异,分析儿童OSAHS和其临床特点相关性。结果观察组儿童身高(114.9±8.2)cm、体重(22.6±3.4)kg,明显低于对照组的(133.6±9.7)cm、(30.9±4.1)kg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C)水平(1.2±0.3)mmol/L,低于对照组的(1.4±0.4)mmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C)水平(2.6±0.6)mmol/L,高于对照组的(2.3±0.5)mmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);中国-韦氏幼儿智力量表(Chinese Wechsler Young Children scale of Intelligence, C-WYCSI)评分(61.4±12.6)分,明显低于对照组的(92.2±17.3)分,注意力评分(22.5±4.7)分、儿童行为量表(child behavior check list,CBCL)评分(131.2±16.5)分,明显高于对照组的(13.6±3.1)分、(77.4±7.8)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。儿童OSAHS病情与C-WYCSI评分呈负相关(P<0.05),与注意力、CBCL评分呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论儿童OSAHS的临床特点为身体发育迟缓、机体代谢紊乱、综合素质降低等,与患儿智力、注意力及行为之间相关性显著;C-WYCSI、注意力及CBCL评分可以作为早期筛查儿童OSAHS的工具。

Objective To investigate the correlation between clinical characteristics and behavior of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) in children. Methods From May 1, 2016 to May 1, 2018, 70 OSAHS children in our hospital were selected as observation group and 100 healthy children as control group in the same period. The differences of general item index, hematologic index, intelligence, attention and behavior between the two groups were compared. The correlation between OSAHS and clinical characteristics was analyzed. Results The height and weight of the children in the observation group were 114.9±8.2 cm and 22.6±3.4 kg, which were significantly lower than those in the control group(133.6±9.7 cm and 30.9±4.1 kg, P<0.05). The LDL-C level(1.2±0.3 mmol/L) was significantly lower than that of the control group(1.4±0.4 mmol/L). The HDL-C level(2.6±0.6 mmol/L) was significantly higher than that in control group(2.3±0.5 mmol/L). The C-WYCSI score(61.4±12.6) was significantly lower than that of the control group(92.2±17.3). Attention score(22.5±4.7) and CBCL score(131.2±16.5) were significantly higher than those of the control group(13.6±3.1 and 77.4±7.8). There was a significant negative correlation between OSAHS and C-WYCSI score(P<0.05), and a positive correlation with attention and CBCL score(P<0.05). Conclusion The clinical characteristics of OSAHS in children are physical retardation, disorder of metabolism and decrease of comprehensive quality, which are significantly correlated with intelligence, attention and behavior of children. C-WYCSI, attention and CBCL scores can be used as an early screening tool for OSAHS in children.