基于SSR标记的花椰菜和青花菜遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Cauliflower and Broccoli Based on SSR Markers

选用30对SSR引物,利用毛细管电泳荧光检测技术对收集和引进的花椰菜、青花菜、宝塔菜(又叫罗马花椰菜)和近缘野生种及地方种共计187份材料的遗传多样性进行分析,进一步明确了花椰菜、青花菜、地方种和近缘野生种与如今栽培种间的遗传差异和亲缘关系,可为优异种质创新和新品种选育提供参考。研究结果表明:30对SSR引物在187份材料的DNA样品中共扩增出313个等位位点,平均每对引物为10.4333个。依据材料的花球性状,将其分为4个类群即花椰菜(类群1,P1~P81)、青花菜(类群2,P82~P147)、宝塔菜(类群3,P148~P154)、近缘野生种及地方种(类群4,P155~P187)。总体来说,类群1、2和3之间的遗传多样性差异较小,类群4的遗传多样性最丰富。系统发育树和群体结构分析较为统一的将187份材料分为了3大组,花椰菜(G1)和青花菜(G2)被清晰地分到了两个极端,而宝塔菜与野生种聚在了一起,和地方种一起归为第3组(G3)。

Studies of the genetic relationship could provide reference for the excellent germplasm innovation and new varieties breeding.Within this study,we investigated the genetic diversity by SSR markers using capillary electrophoresis fluorescence detection technology,in 187 accessions that include cauliflower,broccoli,Roman cauliflower,landraces and wild species.A total of 313 alleles were amplified from 30 pairs of SSR primers,with an average of 10.4333.According to the curd phenotypic characters of the materials,these genotypes were composed of four subgroups:cauliflower(subgroup 1,P1-81),broccoli(subgroup 2,P82-147),Roman cauliflower(subgroup 3,P148-154),wild and local species(subgroup 4,P155-187).The narrowed genetic diversity was observed among subgroups 1,2 and 3,except subgroup 4 that showed abundant diversity.The phylogenetic tree and population structure analysis assigned these genotypes into three groups.Cauliflower(G1) and broccoli(G2) were grouped independently,while Roman cauliflower together with wild species and landraces assembled the third group(G3).