深度贫困地区土地利用变化及政策研究

Land Use Change and Policy in Deep Poverty-stricken Areas

深度贫困地区是脱贫攻坚的重点地区。本文以河北省10个深度贫困县为研究对象,利用数理统计方法,对这些深度贫困县2009~2017年土地利用变化情况进行分析。研究结果显示:①2009年以来10个深度贫困县耕地面积呈增加趋势,增加幅度以2014年为节点,2009~2013年绝对量呈增加趋势、增幅呈递减趋势,2013~2017年增幅呈平稳态势;②建设用地面积呈增加趋势,建设面积增加主要为城镇村用地和交通运输用地,2013年后建设用地变化相对平稳;③其他土地面积变化较大,主要以设施农用地、盐碱地、裸地为主,其中盐碱地减少趋势明显,设施农用地呈增加趋势,2014年前设施农用地增加较快,其他年份有所放缓;④土地扶贫政策主要涉及用地规划计划、增减挂钩政策、土地整治、流转、易地扶贫搬迁、土地复垦以及专项资金等政策。分析深度贫困地区土地利用变化及政策,可为深度贫困区早日脱贫和乡村振兴提供参考。

Deep poverty areas are the focus of poverty alleviation. Taking 10 deep poverty counties in Hebei Province as the research object, this paper analyzed the land use change of deep poverty counties from 2009 to 2017 by using mathematical statistics method. The results show that:(1) Since 2009, the arable land area of 10 deep poverty counties has shown an increasing trend, with the increase rate of 2014 as the node, and 2009-2013 as the node. The absolute amount shows an increasing trend, the increasing rate shows a decreasing trend, and the increasing rate shows a steady trend from 2013 to 2017;(2) the area of construction land shows an increasing trend, and the increase of construction area is mainly urban and rural land and transportation land, and the change of construction land is relatively stable after2013;(3) other land changes greatly, mainly agricultural land, saline-alkali land and bare land, and the decrease trend of saline-alkali land is obvious. Facility land tends to increase. Facility land increased rapidly before 2014, but slowed down in other years;(4) Land poverty alleviation policy mainly involves land use planning, increase-decrease linkage policy, land consolidation, circulation, land transfer, poverty alleviation and relocation, land reclamation and special funds. Through the analysis of land use change and policy in the deep poverty-stricken counties, it can provide reference for the early poverty alleviation and Rural Revitalization in the deep poverty-stricken counties.