汤旺河国家公园红松林土壤真菌多样性研究

Soil of Pinus koraiensis Forest in Tangwanghe National Park: Fungi Diversity

为了解汤旺河国家公园不同林型的土壤真菌群落结构特征,探讨土壤真菌群落结构变化的影响因子,进一步明确土壤真菌群落结构与土壤环境因子之间的关系和作用。以白桦次生林、阔叶红松林和云冷杉红松林的森林土壤为研究对象,采用高通量测序技术测定0~20 cm土壤层真菌的群落组成和多样性。结果表明,土壤养分中的土壤有机碳、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量从阔叶林到针叶林依次升高,而土壤pH值降低。此次分析土壤真菌包括3门9纲31目64科82属75种。云冷杉红松林和阔叶红松林中Basidiomycota门为主要优势菌门,白桦次生林中优势菌门为Mucoromycota;相对丰度差别较大的菌属包括Russula、Mortierella、Cenococcum、Pyrenochaetopsis、Solicoccozyma、Saitozyma、Humicolopsis、Tylospora菌属。通过冗余分析和相关性分析发现,汤旺河国家公园不同类型森林土壤真菌多样性可能受土壤p H值、全氮、碱解氮、土壤含水率的影响。

The study aims to understand the community structure characteristics of soil fungi from different forest types in Tangwanghe National Park,discuss the factors affected the community structure change of soil fungi,so as to clarify the relationships and functions of community structure of soil fungi and soil environmental factors.We analyzed the community structure and diversity of fungi in 0-20 cm soil layer collected from 3 forest types(brich secondary forest,broad-leaved Korean pine forest and spruce pine red pine forest)by using the high-throughput sequencing technology.The results showed that:the concentration of soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,alkali nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium increased from broad-leaved forests to coniferous forests,but the soil pH value decreased;the soil fungi taxon included 3 phyla,9 classes,31 orders,64 families,82 genera and 75 species;the Basidiomycota was the dominant phylum in the spruce forest and the broad-leaved Korean pine forests;the Mucoromycota was the dominant phylum in the birch secondary forests;the relative genus abundance of Russula,Mortierella,Cenococcum,Pyrenochaetopsis,Solicoccozyma,Saitozyma,Humicolopsis and Tylospora differed significantly.Based on the redundancy analysis and correlation analysis,the soil fungi diversity of different forest types in Tangwanghe National Park are affected by soil pH value,total nitrogen,available nitrogen and soil moisture.