中国阅读史理论体系的建构——写在《中国阅读通史》出版之后

The Construction of the Theoretical System of Chinese Reading History:After the Publication of The Reading History of China

北京大学信息管理系王余光教授主编的《中国阅读通史》正式由安徽教育出版社出版,该书是我国阅读史研究领域的第一部通史,在建立阅读史理论体系,凝练中国古代阅读传统方面做出了一些尝试。阅读史由读者的阅读行为构成,受到内外两个方面因素的影响,按照这一思路,中国阅读史研究可被分解为三方面:基本理论研究;文本变迁、学术与知识体系、社会环境与教育、社会意识与宗教、出版传播等外在因素及其对阅读活动的影响;读者的阅读行为、阅读内容、阅读观念、阅读思想与理论等内在因素及其与阅读行为的关系。本文按照时间脉络梳理阅读活动的发展历程,将中国古代的阅读传统与精神凝练为五个方面:阅读价值观、传统阅读方法、阅读精神、古代读书人的文化情怀、热爱藏书;最后提出供本领域研究者继续探索的几个方面,包括:基础史料的整理与出版,阅读史研究方法论,阅读史与阅读文化研究的当代价值,区域、民族阅读史研究,专门阅读人群及个案研究等。

The Reading History of China, edited by Professor Wang Yuguang, was published by Anhui Educational Press at the end of 2017. This book is the first book on general history of reading in China and fills in the blank of the research field of reading history. The scientific research team headed by Professor Wang Yuguang has been working for many years to establish and improve the theoretical system of the study of Chinese reading history. Through translating and introducing the research achievements of foreign reading history, compiling the compilation of reading historical materials and launching case studies, they attempted to establish the theoretical system of Chinese reading history. This book is divided into ten volumes. The first volume is 44 Theory VolumeIt discusses many theoretical issues in the study of reading history, including the research progress of reading history at home and abroad, the research contents of Chinese reading history and reading culture, the national, era and regional characteristics of reading history and reading culture;the interaction between reading activities and text changes, social environment and education, social consciousness and religion, academic changes and other factors. China's long-standing reading culture and traditions were refined and summarized. Volume 10 is "the Record of Pictures", which compiles representative pictures related to reading activities in successive dynasties. Volumes 2 to 9 are divided into eleven relatively independent historical stages according to the development of reading history and the main characteristics of each period. On the basis of fully absorbing the theoretical research achievements of reading history at home and abroad and comprehensively grasping the research materials of reading history in China, the book puts forward the core view that reading is a universal social and cultural phenomenon. It holds that reading is not only an individual behavior, but also an important part of human civilized life. Therefore, the reader's reading behavior is inevitably affected by both internal and external factors, and the study of reading history should be placed in the overall environment of social history. According to this idea, the book decomposes the internal and external factors affecting reading behavior one by one, establishes a research system of Chinese reading history from the perspective of social culture, and summarizes the research contents of Chinese reading history into three aspects and eight main topics: 1) Discipline foundation and theoretical research, aiming at the construction of theoretical system and basic information;2) External factors affecting reading, including the relationship between reading activities and text changes, social environment and education, social consciousness and religion, academic and knowledge system, publishing and dissemination of environmental factors;3) Internal factors affecting reading. It includes reader's reading behavior, reading environment, reading content, reading concept, reading thought and theory, and social reading tradition, etc., which shape and influence the reading behavior. The writing of each sub-volume revolves around the above-mentioned framework, focusing on reflecting the characteristics of the times, regions and nationalities in each stage of the history of reading. On this basis, the tradition and spirit of ancient Chinese reading are condensed into five aspects. Finally, combined with the compiling experience of The Reading History of China, some topics are put forward for further study, such as the collection and publication of reading historical materials, the methodology of reading history, the contemporary value of research on reading history and reading culture, the reading history of a region or ethnic group, the study of reading population and the case study of representative readers.