电动汽车永磁同步电机制动能量回收研究

Research on brake energy recovery of permanent magnet synchronous motor in electric vehicle

采用内置式永磁同步电机(interior permanent magnet synchronous motor,IPMSM)对电动汽车进行制动能量回收研究.首先结合电机驱动与制动原理,提出应用于矢量控制技术中的最大转矩电流比控制策略(maximum torque per ampere,MTPA)、恒转矩弱磁控制策略、恒功率弱磁控制策略.进而分析了电机在采用MTPA控制下的输入功率特性,求出最大回馈功率转矩线,并制定出合理的再生制动方法.再结合电动汽车几种典型的制动力分配策略,提出采用最大化制动力分配策略.最后在Simulink环境下搭建了整车模型对所提出的制动分配策略进行仿真,仿真结果验证了所采用的制动分配策略的有效性.

The interior permanent magnet synchronous motor is used to study the braking energy recovery of electric vehicles.Firstly,combining the principle of motor drive and braking,the maximum torque per ampere control strategy,constant-torque weak-magnetism control strategy and constant-power weak-magnetism control strategy applied in vector control technology are proposed.Then,the input power characteristics of the motor under the control of MTPA are analyzed,and the maximum feedback power torque line is obtained,and a reasonable regenerative braking method is developed.Combined with several typical braking force distribution strategies of electric vehicles,a strategy of maximizing braking force distribution is proposed.Finally,the vehicle model is built in the Simulink software to simulate the proposed braking assignment strategy.The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the brake allocation strategy.