原发性胎儿胸腔积液71例围生期结局分析

Perinatal outcome of 71 cases of primary fetal pleural effusion

目的探讨原发性胎儿胸腔积液的围生期结局,为原发性胎儿胸腔积液的临床诊疗提供经验。方法选取2014年1月至2018年2月广东省妇幼保健院收治的80例原发性胎儿胸腔积液病例,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果80例胎儿胸腔积液的母亲年龄中位数为29岁(24~33岁),产前诊断胎龄中位数为29+1周(24~32周)。其中9例失访,余71例胎儿原发性胸腔积液中,48例(67.6%)出现胎儿水肿,44例(62.0%)为双侧胸腔积液,35例(49.3%)羊水过多。7.0%(5/71例)的胎儿行胸腔穿刺术,29.6%(21/71例)的胎儿行胸腔-羊膜腔分流术。71例胎儿中,整体存活率为63.4%(45/71例),22.5%(16/71例)的胎儿父母选择终止妊娠(2例行胸腔羊膜腔分流术病情控制欠佳放弃治疗)。55例选择继续妊娠的胎儿中,7例胎死宫内,胎儿水肿与非胎儿水肿的存活率分别为70.6%和100.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。48例胎儿水肿中,70.8%(34/48例)选择继续妊娠胎儿中,无干预组(13例)、胸腔穿刺组(4例)和胸腔羊膜腔穿刺引流组(17例)的存活率分别为53.8%、75.0%和82.4%,3组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论胎儿水肿是原发性胸腔积液的预后不良因素,及时宫内干预能有效改善预后,提高存活率。

Objective To explore the perinatal outcome of antenatally diagnosed primary fetal hydrothorax (FHT), and to provide management experience for FHT. Methods The clinical data of 80 cases with FHT, from January 2014 to February 2018 in Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among 80 cases of FHT, the median age of the pregnant women was 29 years old (24-33 years old), while the median gestational age at diagnosis was 29+ 1 weeks(24-32 weeks), among them, 9 cases were lost to follow-up.Among the other 71 cases, 48 cases(67.6%) developed fetal edema, 44 cases (62.0%) involved bilateral pleural effusion, and 35 cases (49.3%) were associated with polyhydramnios.The rate of thoracoamniotic shunting and thoracentesis were 29.6%(21/71 cases) and 7.0%(5/71 cases), respectively.Among 71 cases of FHT, the overall survival rate was 63.4%(45/71 cases), the rate of termination of pregnancy was 22.5%(16/71 cases), including 2 cases which were chosen for termination of pregnancy after thoracoamniotic shunting due to poor control.Among the 55 continued gestation cases, 7 cases died in uterus, and the survival rate of fetal hydropic cases and non-hydropic cases was 70.6% and 100.0%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Among the 48 cases of hydropic cases, there were 34 cases (70.8%) chosen to continue the pregnancy, the survival rate of non-intervention group (13 cases), thoracentesis group (4 cases) and thoracoamniotic shunting group (17 cases) were 53.8%, 75.0% and 82.4%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Fetal hydrops predicted a poor prognosis in PFHT.Timely intrauterine intervention could effectively improve the prognosis of PFHT and improve the survival rate.