要素市场扭曲对区域创新效率的影响研究

Research on the Influence of Factor Market Distortion on Regional Innovation Efficiency

中共十九大报告提出加快建设创新型国家的具体措施,其中,矫正要素配置扭曲、促进科研成果转化的科技体制机制创新是创新驱动发展战略的制度保障。从理论上分析了要素市场价格扭曲对创新效率影响的机制;以1998—2014年中国内地30个省份为研究对象,应用随机前沿算法核算创新效率,研究发现:要素市场价格扭曲对创新效率有抑制作用。进一步,将30个省份划分为八大经济区,分别测算要素市场价格扭曲对八个区域创新效率影响程度。结论表明,要素市场扭曲对不同区域的创新效率存在不一样的影响程度,其中,要素价格扭曲对东北、黄河中游、长江中游、西南和大西北五个区域创新效率的影响比较严重,而对北部、东部、南部三个区域创新效率的影响则较轻。

The report of the 19th National Congress of CPC proposes some specific measures to accelerate the construction of an innovative country, among them, the innovation of the scientific and technological system mechanism that corrects the distortion of factor allocation and promotes the transformation of scientific research results is the institutional guarantee for the innovation-driven development strategy. This paper theoretically analyzes the mechanism of the influence of price distortion on the innovation efficiency in the factor market. Taking the 30 provinces in China from 1998 to 2014 as the research object, it applies the stochastic frontier algorithm to measure the innovation efficiency. The findings show that the price distortion in the factor market has inhibited the innovation efficiency. It further divides the 30 provinces into eight economic zones and measures the degree of influence of factor market price distortion on the innovation efficiency of the eight regions respectively. The conclusions indicate that the factor market distortion has different influences on the innovation efficiency of different regions. Among them, the factor price distortion has a significant impact on the innovation efficiency of the five regions, i.e., the northeast, the middle reaches of the Yellow River, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, Yunnan and the northwest, but less impact on the innovation efficiency of the rest three regions, i.e., the northern, the eastern and southern regions.