侧风作用下山区高速公路行车稳定性仿真分析

A Simulation Analysis of Driving Stability in Crosswind Condition on Expressway in Mountain Areas

为研究山区高速公路在侧风作用下的行车安全问题,基于CarSim仿真软件构建特定道路模型和侧风模型,选取车辆滑移角和侧向加速度作为行车风险评价指标,将圆曲线半径、路面摩擦系数、行驶速度分别作为单一变量,系统地模拟了侧风作用下山区高速公路行车稳定性。结果表明,降低车速、增大路面摩擦系数和圆曲线半径,可以有效地减小车辆的滑移角和侧向加速度。以7级侧风为仿真条件进行定量分析可知:80km/h设计速度对应的圆曲线半径极限值应为280m;路面摩擦系数为0.4和0.18时,分别限速70km/h和60km/h可维持车辆稳定性;105km/h是车辆危险驾驶的临界车速,如进一步考虑舒适性,则应适当减速。

In consideration of crosswind effects on traffic safety of expressways in mountain areas,a simulation model of roadway and crosswind is established by CarSim software.In the model,slip angle and lateral acceleration of vehicles are selected as evaluation indices;while curve radius,pavement friction coefficient,and operating speed are selected as single variables to simulate driving stability under crosswind conditions.The results show that with radius and friction coefficient increase or operating speed decrease,the slip angle and lateral acceleration will reduce.The simulations show that when the wind reach Force 7,the extreme limit value of curve radius should be adjusted to 280 m,correspond with a design speed of 80 km/h.When the friction coefficient is 0.4 and 0.18,the limit of speed should be 70 km/h and 60 km/h,respectively.Under a condition of Force 7 crosswind,the speed of 105 km/h is the threshold to insure driving stability.If taking driving comfort into further consideration,the speed should be lower.