切揉组合式青贮玉米粉碎机的设计与研究

Design and research of the combined cutting and kneading silage corn crusher

针对现有青贮全株玉米粉碎揉丝机存在秸秆丝化率低、籽粒破碎率低和喂料易堵塞等问题,设计了切揉组合式青贮玉米粉碎机,一次性完成秸秆喂入、压扁划丝、铡切、籽粒破碎和粉碎揉丝等工序。通过理论研究和数值分析,对本机的输送装置、喂入切断装置及破碎揉丝装置等关键部件进行解析和结构优化,确定了性能参数。试验结果表明:当本机主轴转速为2 900 r/min时,秸秆丝化率为96.4%,籽粒破碎率为93.2%,实际生产率为3 560 kg/h,未出明显现堵塞现象,各项指标均满足粉碎揉丝机的国家标准要求,为青贮全株玉米粉碎揉丝机的设计提供理论依据和技术保障。

Aiming at the problems of low straw silking rate, low grain crushing rate and easy blockage of feeding in the existing whole plant silage maize crusher, a combined silage maize crusher with cutting and kneading was designed to complete the processes of straw feeding, flattening, cutting, chopping, crushing and kneading at one time. Through theoretical research and numerical analysis, the key components of the machine, such as conveyor, feeding and cutting device and crushing and kneading device, are analyzed and optimized to determine the performance parameters. The results show that when the spindle speed of this machine is 2 900 r/min, the silking rate of straw is 96.4%, the crushing rate of grain is 93.2%, and the actual productivity is 3 560 kg/h. There is no obvious blockage phenomenon. All the indexes meet the national standard requirements of the crusher and kneader, which provides a theoretical basis for the design and mechanized production technology of the whole silage corn crusher and kneader.