行政认定书的刑事诉讼运用及其限度

The Application and Limitation of Administrative Cognizance Letter in Criminal Procedure

行政执法机关出具的行政认定书在刑事诉讼程序中被普遍运用,但其运用缺乏直接法律依据,各地的操作也不够规范。行政认定书,在刑事诉讼中可以归为公文书证,但其不能获得民事、行政诉讼中的公文书证那样的优势证明力,而应根据其认定事项和认定原理,分为事实鉴识型认定书和性质认定型认定书,进行分别对待。其中,事实鉴识型认定书,具备证据意义,但在刑事诉讼中应当结合书证和鉴定意见的要求进行审查;性质认识型认定书,是一种法律意见,除非是用于证明一些特殊事项,否则一般不能用于认定案件主要事实,而是作为刑事办案参考和辅助性证据使用。

In criminal judicial practice, administrative cognizance letter is widely used, but its application lacks legal basis, and is not standardized between regions. Administrative cognizance can be classified as public document notarization in criminal proceedings, but it cannot obtain the same advantages as document evidence in civil and administrative proceedings. It should be divided into fact-based cognizance and nature-based cognizance according to its cognizance items and cognizance principles, and treated separately. Among them, the fact identification certificate has evidential significance, but it should be examined in criminal proceedings in accordance with the requirements of documentary evidence and expert opinion;the nature recognition certificate is a kind of legal opinion, unless it is used to prove some special matters, it cannot generally be used to identify the main facts of the case, but could be used as a reference and supplementary evidence.