从原始仪式看中日艺术中的“神”

On Divinity in Chinese and Japanese Art as Reflected in Primitive Rituals

首先,从比较语义学分殊中日远古仪式之"神",明确两国不同的艺术起源。其次,透过立中仪式和咒术仪式中"神"的体验,深入了解两种仪式背后不同的文化精神。前者从天人合一的时空观和有无相生的天道观两方面影响了天下主义的文化观,使之在诗、文、画上显出普遍之通和具体之变统一于宇宙之中的通变精神。后者透过语言(こと)是显灵的事物,事物(もの)是咒术的灵验这一"言灵"信仰,折射出土人咒术、朝廷祝词、密宗法门背后宗教之"诚"的文化观,使之在和歌、俳谐、物语上显出"风雅之诚"的心灵逻辑。

This paper distinguishes divinity in rituals of ancient China and Japan through comparative semantics and reveals the origins of Chinese and Japanese art. It also investigates the cultural spirit behind the rituals through the divine experience in Lizhong ritual and incantation ritual. The former influences the cosmopolitan cultural concept in terms of the harmony between man and nature and the mutual generation of being and non-being, and displays a spirit combining universality and concrete change in poetry, prose and painting;the later, through the idea of language as an epiphany and phenomenon as the efficacy of incantation, reflects the cultural concept of sincerity behind folk incantation, courtly ceremonial speech and Esoteric Buddhism, and displays a mentality of "elegant sincerity" in waka, haiku and legend.