论古罗马公共卫生法的哲学基础——从“体液病理学说”说来

On the Philosophical Foundation of Ancient Rome Public Health Law: From the Theory of Body Fluid Pathology

为保障市民健康、维护城邦生活环境,古罗马在公共卫生领域进行了一些立法,初步建立了古罗马文明中较为进步的公共卫生法雏形。公共卫生立法是伴随着政治、经济、文化等各种社会进步而产生的,与其他领域一样,古希腊哲学思想对古罗马公共卫生法的形成也有着重要的影响。以古希腊著名医学家希波克拉底创立的“体液病理学说”中的哲学思想为突破口,分析该学说蕴含的哲学思想,发现该哲学思想贯穿于古罗马公共卫生立法思想之中,并为古罗马公共卫生立法奠定了坚实的哲学基础。

In order to protect the health of citizens and maintain the living environment of the city-state, ancient Rome made some legislation in the field of public health, and initially established the rudiment of a public health law which was relatively progressive in ancient Roman civilization. Public health legislation was accompanied by political, economic, cultural and other social progress.The ancient Greek philosophy had an important impact on the formation of public health law in ancient Rome as it did to many other fields. Taking the philosophical thought in the theory of body fluid pathology founded by Hippocrates, a famous Greek medical scientist as a breakthrough point, this paper analyzed the philosophical thought contained in the theory and found that the philosophical thought did not only run through the ancient Rome public health legislation but also layed a solid philosophical foundation for the ancient Rome public health legislation.