近代华商码头货栈业发展的历程及特征(1895-1937)——以长江、珠江、黑龙江中下游地区为例

On Progress and Characteristics of Chinese Merchants’ Wharf Warehouse Industry Growth in Modern China (1895-1937) :A Case Study of the Yangtze River,the Pearl River,and the Middle and Lower Reaches of Heilongjiang River

自1895到1937年,为同外商争夺航运市场,华商码头货栈业经历了解禁到初成规模再到近代化发展的过程,主要分布于长江、珠江及黑龙江中下游流域。其特征一般体现在:码头货栈业形成了初步的体系,保障了货物顺畅转运,促进了民族资本主义工商业的发展;华商创建了不同类型的货栈,改善了货物仓储的效率,提高了我国码头货栈业的竞争力;货栈业成立了行业公会,制定了规章制度,推动了传统货栈业的近代化转型。

From 1895 to 1937,when competing for market share with foreign merchants,China’s wharf warehouse industry,mainly distributed in the Yangtze River and the Pearl River basin,experienced three processes,i.e. being free from the ban,being to take shape,and then developing rapidly. It was characterized by the following: after the Qing Government lifted the ban on Chinese merchants running their own warehouses,national capitalist industry and commerce developed quickly. Chinese merchants developed different types of warehouses and formed a certain scale,which improved the competitiveness of China’s wharf warehouse industry. Later,warehouse industry association was established,and the regulations for it was made,which promoted the modernization of the traditional warehouse.