行人运动状态对人车碰撞事故中行人损伤的影响

Influence of Pedestrian Movement on Pedestrian Injury in Vehicle-pedestrian Collision

为研究车辆与行人正面碰撞时行人运动状态对行人头部、胸部加速度的影响规律,根据国家车辆事故深度调查体系(national automobile accident in-depth investigation system,NAIS)中的真实案例,利用Pre Sys软件建立假人与车辆正面碰撞的有限元模型,在此基础上,研究行人不同运动状态和车辆不同碰撞速度下行人的动力学响应及头部、胸部加速度变化情况。结果表明:碰撞速度30 km/h时,行人行走状态下头部加速度最大;慢跑状态下行人头部加速度最小;碰撞速度50 km/h时,行人不同运动状态下头部加速度差别不明显;行走、慢跑状态下,行人胸部的加速度随着碰撞速度增大而增大;奔跑状态下,行人胸部加速度峰值随碰撞速度的增加呈先减小后增大的趋势。

In order to study the influence of pedestrian movement on pedestrian injury in frontal vehicle-pedestrian collision,PreSys software was used to reconstruct the finite element model of the frontal collision between the dummy and the vehicle by using the case of the national automobile accident in-depth investigation system.Based on this PreSys model,the dynamic response and pedestrian head and chest injuries with pedestrian different motion states and vehicle collision velocities were studied.The results show that the pedestrian head injury is the most serious when walking at the speed of 30 km/h and the lightest pedestrian head injury is under the jogging condition at the same speed.When the collision speed is 50 km/h,there are no significant differences in the head injuries with different states.In walking and jogging states,pedestrian chest impact acceleration increases with the increasing impact velocity.In running condition,the peak of pedestrian chest acceleration decreases at first and then increases with the increasing impact velocity.