玉溪市乙型肝炎疫苗免疫接种效果

Immune effect of hepatitis B vaccine in Yuxi City,Yunnan Province,China

目的分析玉溪市乙型肝炎疫苗(hepatitis B vaccine,HepB)免疫接种效果,为该市乙型病毒性肝炎的预防提供参考。方法根据国家传染病疫情监测信息报告系统、中国免疫规划信息管理系统及玉溪市统计年鉴,采用描述统计学方法对玉溪市1995~2017年HepB报告接种率、接种率抽样调查结果、乙型肝炎报告发病率及乙型肝炎血清学抽样监测结果进行分析。结果玉溪市HepB接种率自1999年起一直保持在95%以上,2005~2017年首针24h及时接种率平均为93.72%,抽样调查接种率与报告接种率水平一致。1995~2017年,全市乙型肝炎年平均发病率为35.68/10万,其中0~6岁人群年平均发病率为6.27/10万,2016和2017年,0~6岁人群发病率均为0/10万。2006~2015年,人群乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性率为0.86%,其中1岁以下婴幼儿HBsAg阳性率最低(0.21%);玉溪市HBsAg阳性率明显低于全国和云南省,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论近20年来,玉溪市HepB接种率一直保持在较高水平,对本市乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitisBvirus,HBV)感染起到了较好的预防作用,特别是6岁以下人群HepB免疫效果显著。

Objective To analyze the immune effect of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) in Yuxi City,Yunnan Province, China in order to provide a reference for the prevention of hepatitis B in the city. Methods According to the data of the China Information System for Disease Control & Prevention and the China Information Management System for Immunization Programming,the descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data of reported vaccination rate,sampling vaccination rate,reported incidence and serological sampling results of hepatitis B from 1995 to 2017 in Yuxi City. Results The vaccination rate of the hepatitis B vaccine in Yuxi City has been remained at more than 95% since 1999. The average first vaccination (within 24 h)rate was 93. 72% during 2005 ~ 2017,while the sampling vaccination rate was consistent with the reported vaccination rate. From 1995 to 2017,the average annual incidence of hepatitis in the city was 35. 68 / 100 000,which was 6. 28 / 100 000 in the population at ages of 0 ~ 6 years. However,in 2016 and 2017, both the incidences in the population was 0 / 100 000. The positive rate of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)in the city from 2006 to 2015 was 0. 86%,which was the lowest in infants at ages of less than 12 months (0. 21%). The positive rate of HBsAg in Yuxi City was significantly lower than those in Yunnan Province and in the whole country (each P < 0. 05). Conclusion In nearly 20 years,the vaccination rate of HepB in Yuxi City has been maintained at a high level,which has playing an increasingly greater role in preventing hepatitis B virus infection,especially in the population at ages of less than 6 years.