基于子模型法的动车侧窗粘接强度快速评价方法

Rapid Evaluation Method of Adhesive Strength for EMU Train’s Side-window Based on Sub-model Technology

根据动车结构的特点,基于有限元子模型法的基本原理,提出一种动车侧窗粘接强度的快速评价方法。车体结构采用尺寸相对较大单元建立整体有限元模型,侧窗结构采用尺寸较小单元建立有限元子模型,基于三角形面积插值法提取侧窗子模型的位移边界条件,对侧窗子模型进行强度分析获得胶粘剂的应力;通过单搭接接头和对接接头的轴向拉伸试验测试,建立二次应力准则作为失效准则,对侧窗胶粘剂的粘接强度进行快速评价,整个过程通过编写FORTRAN程序自动完成;最后将快速评价方法和传统的整体细化评价方法进行对比。结果表明,快速评价方法获得的胶粘剂安全系数略低于传统评价方法,但是计算时间是传统评价方法的约1/17,这说明快速评价方法在保证可靠性的前提下,大幅度提高计算效率,为动车侧窗粘接结构的优化设计奠定了基础。

According to the structure characteristics of EMU train, a rapid evaluation method of adhesive strength is presented based on sub-model technology. The global finite element(FE) model of body structure is built with big size elements, and the sub-model of side-window is built with small size elements. The displacement boundary condition of sub-model is extracted through interpolation method of triangle area, and then the stress of side-window adhesive structure is obtained by strength analysis of sub-model. The quadratic stress criterion is established by experimental tests of single lap joints and butt joints to evaluate the adhesive strength of side-window. Furthermore, the process of evaluation method is implemented by a FORTRAN program. Finally, the rapid evaluation method is compared with the traditional method of overall refined model. Results showed that the safety coefficients calculated by the rapid evaluation method are slightly lower than that by the traditional method, but the computing time of rapid evaluation method was 1/17 of traditional method. It is concluded that the rapid evaluation method possess is reliable and efficient, which lay the foundation of optimization design for EMU train’s adhesive structure.