滨湖城市典型公园化河口岸带土壤理化性状研究

Study on Soil Physiochemical Properties in Typical Parkization Estuaries of Lakeshore City

为摸清五里湖公园化河口岸带土壤理化性质,探明土壤质量状况,本研究于2017年10月对五里湖3个典型公园化河口区域(陆典桥浜L、梁塘河C、圩田里河W)的24个点位进行岸带土壤采集,分析土壤颗粒组成、容重(BD)和孔隙度(Pt)等物理性状和pH、有机质(OM)、全氮(TN)、碱解氮(AN)、全磷(TP)和有效磷(AP)等化学性状,并利用与植物生长相关的土壤指标(石砾、砂粒、黏粒、BD、pH、OM、TN、AN、TP、AP)进行土壤质量指数(SQI)评价.结果表明:①3个河口岸带土壤均存在结构退化的情况,土壤主要以石块和石砾为主(>700 g/kg),砂粒、粉粒和黏粒含量较低,土壤容重偏大(>1.35 g/cm3),孔隙度偏低(<50%);②3个河口岸带土壤pH均呈碱性(平均8.30),且陆典桥浜河口>圩田里河河口>梁塘河河口,AP含量趋势相反;除梁塘河河口TP含量差异不大外,陆典桥浜和梁塘河河口的OM、TN、AN、AP、TP均呈现近岸大于远岸的趋势.③3个河口岸带土壤质量状况均较差(SQI<0.5),AN、BD、OM、AP和pH是影响研究区域岸带土壤质量的5个主因子.

24 soil samplings were selected from three typical parkization estuaries (Ludianqiaobang, Liangtanghe and Weitianlihe) around Wuli Lake in Oct. 2017, and gravel, soil texture composition, bulk density (BD), porosity (Pz), pH, organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen (AN), total phosphorus (TP), available phosphorus (AP) and soil quality index (SQI) were analyzed or calculated. The results showed that the pedons in the three estuaries were all dominated by rocks and gravel (>700 g/kg), soil bulk density was larger (>1.35 g/cm^3) and soil porosity was low (<50%), which indicate the soils are poor in infiltration and easy to occur surface runoff. The soils in the three estuaries were all alkaline with an average pH of 8.30, and pH value was in an order of Ludianqiaobang > Wutianlihe > Liangtanghe, while AP was opposite. Except for TP content in Liangtang, the near-shore soils generally had higher contents of OM, TN, AN, AP, and TP than those of the far-shore soils in Ludianqiao and Wutianli. The soil qualities of the three estuaries were all poor (SQI<0.5), unconducive to plant growth, and AN, BD, OM, AP and pH were the main factors affecting soil quality. The above results provide references for soil remediation in the parkization estuaries around Wuli Lake and the other similar areas.