《人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病患者合并非结核分枝杆菌感染诊治专家共识》解读

Interpretation for expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of HIV/AIDS complicated with non-tuberculous mycobacteria infection

非结核分枝杆菌(Nontuberculous mycobacteria,NTM)是艾滋病患者住院及病死率上升的主要原因。HIV合并NTM感染与结核病的诊治不尽相同,针对不同细菌,治疗药物的选择不同,病变累及的组织器官不同,疗程也不同,而且涉及到抗NTM和抗HIV治疗两个方面,药物的不良反应和依从性以及药物的相互作用均会影响治疗效果。中华医学会热带病与寄生虫学分会艾滋病学组基于我国艾滋病合并NTM病的流行及诊治现状,参考既往相关指南,并结合国际指南制订了《人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病患者合并非结核分枝杆菌感染诊治专家共识》,本文对此作一解读。

Nontuberculous mycobacterium(NTM)infection is the main cause of the increased hospitalization and mortality of HIV/AIDS patients. The diagnosis and treatment of HIV infection combined with NTM is different from that of tuberculosis: the drugs are selected according to the responsible microorganisms and treatment courses depend on the involved organs and tissues in NTM infection. Besides, the combined administration of anti-HIV and anti-NTM agents would cause drug interaction, increase adverse reactions, affect patients’ compliance and treatment outcomes. Based on the disease prevalence and current diagnosis and treatment status, referring relevant Chinese and international guidelines, the AIDS Professional Group, Society of Tropical Disease and Parasitology of Chinese Medical Association has developed this expert consensus, this article makes an interpretation of this consensus.