德阳地区高龄孕产妇对孕期保健的认知度调查及影响因素分析

Investigation on antenatal care awareness and analysis on influencing factors among elderly pregnant women in Deyang region

目的调查四川省德阳地区高龄孕产妇对孕期保健的认知度及影响因素,为高龄孕产妇孕期保健提供参考依据。方法选择2016年11月-2017年11月德阳市人民医院和德阳市妇幼保健院收治的200例高龄孕产妇为研究对象,以是否接受孕期保健为依据,分为观察组120例为定期接受孕期保健服务,对照组80例为从未接受检查或不定期检查,对比两组孕产妇基本信息、孕期保健认知度、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分以及孕期并发症发生情况等相关指标。结果观察组孕产妇的学历、年收入、居住条件、工作条件等家庭情况明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),且流产史、初产妇人数明显多于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);观察组孕产妇对于孕早期检查、产前检查、产检次数、孕期保健知识等方面的认知情况明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);两组孕产妇保健前SDS、SAS评分差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05),保健后观察组孕妇SDS、SAS评分明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);观察组孕产妇妊娠期高血压疾病、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期贫血、胎膜早破、产后出血等并发症发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论孕期保健服务意义重大,而高龄孕产妇孕期保健认知度差异显著,与其学历、家庭收入、居住条件、产次等密切相关,因此必须加强高龄孕产妇孕期保健认知行为。

Objective To survey antenatal care awareness and influencing factors among elderly pregnant women in Deyang region,Sichuan,provide a reference basis for antenatal care of elderly pregnant women. Methods From November 2016 to November 2017,200 elderly pregnant women treated in Deyang People’s Hospital and Deyang Municipal Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital were selected and divided into two groups according to receiving antenatal care or not,120 elderly pregnant women in observation group were given regular antenatal care,and 80 elderly pregnant women in control group were given irregular antenatal care or not. The basic information,awareness rates of antenatal care,SDS scores,SAS scores,and incidence rates of pregnancy complications in the two groups were compared. Results The family status( educational level,annual income,living condition,working condition) of elderly pregnant women in observation group was statistically significantly better than that in control group( P<0. 05),the numbers of elderly pregnant women with abortion history and primiparous women in observation group were statistically significantly higher than those in control group( P < 0. 05).The awareness rates of early pregnancy examination,prenatal examination,number of prenatal examination,prenatal health care knowledge in observation group were statistically significantly higher than those in control group( P<0. 05). Before antenatal care,there was no statistically significant difference in SDS and SAS scores between the two groups( P>0. 05). After antenatal care,SDS and SAS scores in observation group were statistically significantly lower than those in control group( P<0. 05). The incidence rates of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy,gestational diabetes mellitus,anaemia during pregnancy,premature rupture of fetal membranes,and postpartum hemorrhage in observation group were statistically significantly lower than those in control group( P<0. 05). Conclusion Health care services during pregnancy are of great significance. The awareness of antenatal care among eldly pregnant women is very different,which is closely related to educational level,family income,living condition,and parity. Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen cognition and behavior of eldly pregnant women during pregnancy.