60Co-γ和EMS诱变“天隆一号”突变体库变异特征的初步分析

Preliminary Variability Analysis of Mutant Population for Soybean ‘Tianlong No. 1’ Induced by 60Co-γ and EMS

为培育新的适应长江流域气候类型的大豆品种,利用60Co-γ射线和EMS分别对大豆天隆一号的种子进行诱变处理,构建大豆突变体库。对350份有表型变异的株系进行连续两年田间鉴定,运用60对SSR标记进行分子检测,并对籽粒表型变化明显的突变株进行苯基丙酸类代谢主要酶qPCR分析。结果表明:350份材料中有145份在株高、叶形、花色、种皮色、结荚习性等方面有稳定可见的表型变异,101份材料中检测到与野生型天隆一号存在至少1个SSR位点差异,其中M3-SD-1与M3-SD-2有超过10个标记的差异。SSR分析表明,表型发生变异的突变体主要是由DNA变化引起的,且突变体发生了多位点变异,突变位点也彼此不同。qPCR检测结果显示,种皮色、脐色等发生突变的3个材料苯基丙酸类代谢途径中关键基因的表达量发生显著变化。研究结果既可以为大豆品种改良提供新的种质资源,也有助于大豆功能基因组的研究。

In order to cultivate new soybean varieties adapted to the climate type of the Yangtze River Basin, the seeds of soybean ‘Tianlong No. 1’ were mutagenized by 60Co-γ ray and EMS respectively to construct a soybean mutant library. The 350 mutant lines with phenotypic variation were planted in the field for two consecutive years, and we identified the molecular characteristics with 60 pairs of SSR markers. And then, we detected the expression of main phenylpropionic acid metabolic pathway in mutant plants with obvious phenotype variation on seed. The results showed that the 145 mutants displayed stable visible variation in plant height, leaf shape, flower color, seed coat color and pod habit, and the 101 lines were found to be with at least one SSR locus difference from the wild type ‘Tianlong No.1’, and M3-SD-1 and M3-SD-2 have more than 10 polymorphic markers. The phenotypic variations were caused by DNA mutations that display multiple site mutations, and the mutation loci were different from each other by SSR markers. Three mutants with seed coat color and umbilical color were detected expression of key genes in the phenylpropionic acid metabolic pathway by qPCR, and those genes were significant different from their original patterns. This research can provide new germplasm resources for the improvement of soybean varieties and contribute to the further study on soybean functional genomics.