大蒜鳞茎浸提液对大豆种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感效应

Allelopathic Effects of Garlic Bulb Aqueous Extracts on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Soybean

为探明大蒜鳞茎浸提液对大豆种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感作用,通过对大豆种子进行不同质量浓度(0,20,40,80,100 g·L^-1)大蒜鳞茎浸提液的处理,测定不同处理的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、根长、下胚轴长、植株鲜重、SOD活性、POD活性、CAT活性和MDA含量,并计算化感觉效应指数以及综合化感效应,探明大蒜鳞茎浸提液对大豆的化感效应。结果表明:大蒜鳞茎浸提液对大豆种子萌发及幼苗生长呈现低浓度促进、高浓度抑制的双重化感效应。浸提液质量浓度为20~40 g·L^-1时,对大豆种子萌发及幼苗生长具有一定的促进作用,SOD和CAT活性显著上升,MDA含量变化不大;浸提液质量浓度为80~100 g·L^-1时,对大豆种子和幼苗表现出明显的抑制作用,SOD和POD活性开始下降,MDA含量显著增加。此外,大豆种子萌发及幼苗生长的各项指标对大蒜化感物质的敏感程度不同,以对根长的化感作用较为敏感,可作为衡量大蒜对大豆化感作用的评价指标。

In order to explore allelopathic effects of garlic bulb aqueous extracts on soybean,the germination rate, germination potential, germination index, root length, hypocotyl length, plant fresh weight, POD activity, SOD activity, CAT activity and MDA content of soybean under different contertrations((0,20,40,80,100 g·L-1) treatment of garlic bulb aqueous extracts were determined. Allelopathic effect index and synthetic allelopathic effect were calculated. The results showed that:The garlic bulb aqueous extracts had double allelopathic effects on seed germination and seedling growth of soybean, that promoted it at low concentration and inhibited it at high concentration. When the concentration of the garlic bulb aqueous extracts was 20~40 g·L-1,the seed germination and seedling growth of soybean could be promoted, SOD activity and CAT activity were significantly increased, but MDA content had no obvious change. Under the concentration of extracts of 80~100 g·L-1, it showed obvious inhibitory effect on seed germination and seedling growth, the activity of SOD and POD began to decreased, and MDA content was increased significantly. Besides, indexes of seed germination and seedling growth of soybean showed different sensitivity to garlic allelochemicals. Root length was more sensitive to garlic bulb aqueous extracts, which could be used as an index to measure the allelopathy of garlic to soybean.