地理邻近与捐赠行为:基于上市公司的实证研究

Geographical Proximity and Donation Behavior: Empirical Research Based on Listed Companies

中国证券监督管理委员会实施的“IPO绿色通道”,旨在增强企业与贫困地区的地理邻近性,鼓励企业深入贫困地区实现精准帮扶。然而,与贫困地区的地理邻近对企业捐赠等社会责任的影响尚不明确。文章以地理邻近性作为研究切入点,以中国A股市场上市公司作为研究对象,实证考察了上市公司与贫困县的地理邻近性对公司捐赠行为的影响。研究发现:(1)地理邻近性对上市公司的捐赠水平具有显著的正向影响;(2)盈利状况更好、政府补助水平更高、税收负担较重的上市公司,地理邻近性对其捐赠水平的促进作用更为显著;(3)关注了上市公司的捐赠偏好,发现上市公司与贫困县的地理邻近性越强,其对贫困县的捐赠倾向也更为明显。文章揭示了上市公司根植于贫困地区对于扶贫攻坚战略实施的重要意义,而且为针对贫困地区上市公司捐赠行为的政府补助和税收优惠政策的制定提供了借鉴和参考。

The "IPO Green Channel for Poverty Alleviation", implemented by the China Securities Regulatory Commission, aims to enhance the geographical proximity of enterprises to poor areas and encourage companies to take roots deeply in poor areas and then achieve targeted poverty alleviation. However, the impact of geographical proximity on corporate social responsibility is still unclear. This paper takes the geographic proximity as the entry point, chooses the listed companies in China’s A-share market as research objects, and explores the influence of the geographical proximity to the impoverished counties on corporate donation behavior. The research finds that:(1) Geographical proximity has a significant positive impact on the donation behavior of listed companies.(2) Geographical proximity plays a more significant role in promoting their donation for listed companies with better profitability, higher government subsidies and heavier tax burden. The paper also pays attention to the donation preference of listed companies, and finds that the greater the geographical proximity between listed companies and poor counties is, the more listed companies incline to donate to poor counties. This paper reveals that rooting in poor areas has great significance for the implementation of poverty alleviation strategy, and provides reference for the formulation of government subsidies and tax incentives policies that have an impact on the donation behavior of listed companies in poor areas.