基于牛角宏微观结构的吸能盒抗冲击特性研究

Investigation on Impact Resistance Characteristics of Bionic Tube Based on Macro and Micro-structure of Horn

采用扫描电子显微(SEM)对牛角的微观结构特征进行了观察分析,结果表明,牛角是由多个纤维层堆叠而成的层状结构。根据牛角的宏微观结构特征,建立了仿牛角结构管和普通吸能管模型。根据3种模型的有限元分析结果可知,在相同的冲击条件下,有芯体仿生管的比吸能是无芯体仿生管和普通锥管的1.32倍和3.25倍。仿生锥管在轴向冲击时,材料的屈曲变形相对稳定,各处的变形量较均匀,芯体和约束梁相互叠皱,呈现出从顶端向下逐渐叠缩的形态。研究结果表明,仿牛角结构管具有良好的吸能特性,且牛角的芯体可有效提高牛角在冲击过程中能量的耗散能力,将该结构应用到吸能盒的结构设计中可极大改善吸能盒的吸能特性。

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe and analyze the microscopic structure of horn.The results showed that the horn is a layered structure consisting of fiber layers.According to the macro and micro-structure characteristics of horn,the models of horn-like structure tube and common energy absorber tube were established.The three models were calculated using finite element analysis and the results shown that the specific energy absorption (SEA) of the core bionic tube is 1.32 times and 3.25 times of that of the coreless bionic tube and the ordinary cone tube.The buckling deformation of the material is relatively stable and the deformation is uniform everywhere when the bionic cone tube is impacted axially.It is also shown that the core and restraint beam are folded each other and showing a gradually superimposed form from the top down.The above results show that the horn-like tube has good energy absorption characteristics,and the core of the horn can effectively improve the energy dissipation ability of the horn during impact.The structure characteristic of the horn is used to the structural design of energy absorption box,which can greatly improve the energy absorption characteristics of the energy absorption box.